OFH 


HALLOCK 


BIOLOGY 

LIBRARY 

G 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


HOW  CHILDREN  MAY  BECOME  CIT- 
IZENS OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH  BY 
LEARNING  AND  OBEYING  ITS  LAWS 


BY 
GRACE  T.  HALLOCK 

OP  THE  CHILD  HEALTH  ORGANIZATION  OF  AMERICA 
AND 

C.-E.  A.  WINSLOW 

PROFESSOR  OF  PUBLIC  HEALTH,   YALE  MEDICAL  SCHOOL,  AND 

CURATOR  OF  PUBLIC  HEALTH,  AMERICAN  MUSEUM 

OF  NATURAL  HISTORY 

WITH  A  CHAPTER  ON  EXERCISE 
BY 

WALTER  CAMP 


CHARLES  E.  MERRILL  COMPANY 

NEW  YORK  AND  CHICAGO 


/A 

^BIOLOGY 
ORARY 

G 


THE  WINSLOW  HEALTH  SERIES 

Bi- 

C.-E.  A.  WINSLOW 

Professor  of  Public  Health,  Yale  Medical  School,  Curator 
of  Public  Health,  American  Museum  of  Natural  History 


The  Land  of  Health 

By  GRACE  T.  HALLOCK  and  C.-E.  A.  WINS^OW. 
For  the  lower  grades. 

Healthy  Living,  Book  One 
By  C.-E.  A.  WINSLOW. 

For  the  intermediate  grades. 

Healthy  Living,  Book  Two 
By  C.-E.  A.  WINSLOW. 

For  the  upper  grades  and  the  junior  high  school. 

Each   book    contains    a   chapter    on   physical   exercise 
by  WALTER  CAMP. 


COPYRIGHT,    1922, 

BY 
CHARLES  E.  MERRILL  CO. 


PREFACE 

Can  hygiene  be  taught  to  children  of  eight,  nine, 
ten  years  of  age? 

We  think  it  can,  and  we  hope  this  book,  THE 
LAND  OF  HEALTH,  is  going  to  prove  it. 

We  believe  that  the  one  best  way  to  teach 
hygiene  to  boys  and  girls  is  by  telling  them  stories. 
In  a  large  measure  the  same  thing  is  true  for 
grown  people  too. 

Teaching  by  story-telling  (or  story-observing)  is 
used  in  the  case  system  in  law  and  the  clinical  clerk 
system  in  medicine — two  of  the  highest  develop- 
ments of  modern  education;  and  both  owe  much 
of  their  value  to  the  dramatic  element,  as  well  as 
to  the  concreteness,  which  is  involved.  It  was  by 
experience,  not  by  words  and  phrases,  that  the 
human  race  acquired  its  first  knowledge  of  Nature, 
and  it  is  by  experience  chiefly  that  the  child  learns 
to-day.  A  good  story  is  an  experience.  The 
natural  forces  that  affect  Healthy  Living  are, 
we  hope,  personified  in  this  book  as  the  Greeks 
would  have  personified  them.  Wind  and  Rain  and 
Sun  were  the  teachers  of  mankind  in  its  golden 
youth  and  in  these  pages  they  will  teach  our  young 
people  of  the  present  day. 

A  story  is  the  best  device  that  we  possess  for 

3 

50U210 


4  PREFACE 

arresting  the  attention.  If  the  lesson  is  to  be  fixed, 
however,  it  must  appeal  to  an  internal  aspiration, 
to  some  motive  which  will  seize  upon  it  and  make  it 
vital.  In  the  teaching  of  hygiene,  this  motive 
varies  with  different  ages.  For  the  middle-aged 
the  avoidance  of  disease  is  a  compelling  force;  for 
the  youth  community  service  may  be  emphasized. 
With  younger  children  these  things  have  no  ap- 
peal. THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH  attempts  a  different 
note.  These  stories  have  the  ultimate  motive  of 
vigorous,  buoyant  health  as  a  condition  of  happi- 
ness; and  happiness  is,  and  ought  to  be,  the  objec- 
tive of  childhood. 

There  is  another  parallel  here  with  the  spirit  of 
ancient  Greece.  In  Athens  they  understood,  as 
never  before  or  since,  the  beauty  of  physical  health, 
the  nobleness  of  physical  vigor.  We  are  at  last 
beginning  to  conceive  the  ideals  of  health  in  some- 
thing of  the  Greek  spirit.  It  was  our  own  American 
philosopher  and  humanist,  William  James,  who 
said,  "Simply  to  live,  move,  and  breathe  should 
be  a  delight."  May  this  book  reveal  to  many 
children  in  these  United  States  a  clear  vision  of 
the  gospel  of  Healthy  Living,  which  makes  the 
sound  mind  in  the  sound  body  a  primary  objective 
of  the  individual  and  community  life. 

C.-E.  A.  WINSLOW 
New  Haven 

May, 


CONTENTS 

CHAPTER  PAGE 

I.  THE  MOST  WONDERFUL  THING  IN  THE  WORLD  7 

II.  DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS          .  16 

III.  THE  NATURALIZATION  LAW  OF  THE  LAND  OF 

HEALTH  .......  25 

IV.  FRESH  AIR  AND  ITS  MAGIC  GIFT             .          .  34 
V.  STRAIGHT  BODIES  AND  STRONG  MUSCLES         .  43 

VI.  AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE         ...  53 

VII.  KEEPING  CLEAN 62 

VIII.  WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF          ...  76 

IX.  AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE        ....  87 

X.  TRAINING  MR.  TASTER          ....  97 

XI.  STORED  SUNLIGHT         .....  107 

XII.  CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER          .         .          .112 

XIII.  IN  THE  GARDEN  OF  SLEEP     ....  123 

XIV.  ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH         .          .  131 
XV.  THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY     .         .          .  142 

XVI.  CAREFULNESS                152 

XVII.  HAPPY  VILLAGE 162 

XVIII.  FULL  CITIZENSHIP  IN  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH      .  175 

EXERCISES  THAT  HELP  You  TO  BE  STRONG  AND  WELL 

By  Walter  Camp 187 

TABLE  OF  FOOD  VALUES  .          .          .         .          .199 

MEASURING  YOUR  WEIGHT       .         .         .         .         .  200 

INDEX  203 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

CHAPTER  I 

THE   MOST   WONDERFUL   THING  IN  THE 
WORLD 

Tom  and  Sally  lived  with  their  mother  and  father 
in  a  house  at  the  edge  of  a  town.  The  house  was 
white  with  green  blinds.  Behind  it  there  was  a 
meadow  full  of  long  sweet  grass  that  Clover,  the 
cow,  loved  to  eat.  A  clear  brook  flowed  through 
the  meadow.  In  the  shallow  places  it  sang  over 
the  stones.  In  the  deep  places  it  was  very  still 
and  cool. 

Tom  was  ten  years  old.  He  had  brown  hair  and 
eyes,  and  round  red  cheeks.  Sally  was  a  year 
younger  than  Tom.  Her  hair  was  long  and  yellow, 
and  her  eyes  were  as  blue  as  the  Canterbury  bells 
that  grew  in  their  flower  garden. 

One  Saturday  afternoon  in  September  Tom  and 
Sally  were  picking  up  the  apples  that  had  fallen 
from  the  greening  apple  tree  at  the  edge  of  the 
meadow.  They  carried  the  apples  to  Mother, 
who  was  sitting  in  a  red  rocker  under  the  tree. 

7 


'?  S     :  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


She  was  peeling  them  to  make  apple  sauce  for 
supper. 

Finally  Mother  said  she  had  enough  apples,  so 
Tom  threw  himself  down  under  the  tree  and  asked 
Sally  to  read  a  story.  On  her  last  birthday  Tom 
had  given  her  a  book  of  stories  from  the  "Arabian 
Nights."  She  ran  to  get  it  now  from  the  tin  box 
in  a  crotch  of  the  tree,  where  she  and  Tom  kept 
their  treasures.  Then  she  sat  on  a  little  wooden 
stool  at  Mother's  feet  and  opened  the  book. 
"I'll  read  about  Aladdin's  lamp,"  she  announced. 
This  was  their  favorite  story. 

When  she  had  finished,  Tom  sighed.  "I  wish 
I  had  Aladdin's  lamp,"  he  said.  "I'd  wish  for  the 
most  wonderful  thing  in  the  world." 

"What  is  the  most  wonderful  thing  in  the 
world?  '  asked  Sally,  who  thought  that  Tom 
must  know  everything  as  he  was  a  year  older 
than  she. 

"Why,  yes,"  replied  Tom,  with  a  puzzled  frown. 
"What  is  it?  Let  me  think."  And  he  gave  his 
forehead  a  hard  rub.  "I  think  it  must  be  money. 
If  you  have  money,  you  can  buy  anything  you 
want." 

Mother  stood  up  and  smoothed  her  big  white 
apron.  "There  was  once  a  man  named  Midas, 


THE  MOST  WONDERFUL  THING  IN  THE  WORLD      9 


Mother,  Sally,  and  Tom  under  the  greening  apple  tree. 

who  thought  so  too,"  she  said,  "but  he  changed 
his  mind.  I'm  going  up  to  put  the  apples  on  now," 
she  added.  "If  you  think  hard  until  supper  time, 
perhaps  you  will  guess  what  the  most  wonderful 
thing  in  the  world  is." 


10  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"The  most  wonderful  thing  in  the  world," 
repeated  a  dreamy  voice.  The  children  turned 
and  saw  a  bent  old  man  sitting  in  Mother's  little 
red  rocker.  He  wore  a  crown  and  his  long  robes 
were  covered  with  jewels.  He  was  silent  so  long 
that  finally  Tom  cleared  his  throat.  The  old  man 
jumped.  "I  beg  your  pardon,"  he  said.  "My 
name  is  Midas.  I  have  come  to  tell  you  about 
the  most  wonderful  thing  in  the  world.  It's  all 
so  peaceful  here — I  almost  thought  I  was  back 
in  my  own  garden.  And  this  little  girl  '  —he 
smiled  at  Sally — "is  just  about  the  size  of  Mari- 
gold. Well,  well,  I  must  begin."  And  this  was 
his  story. 

I  was  once  a  great  king.  All  through  my  early 
life  I  thought  that  gold  was  the  most  wonderful 
thing  in  the  world.  Every  piece  of  gold  that  came 
to  my  hands  I  hid  in  a  dark  room  under  my  palace. 
Every  day  I  went  to  this  room  to  plunge  my 
arms  in  gold.  I  thought  I  was  never  so  happy  as 
then,  not  even  when  I  held  my  little  daughter 
Marigold  in  my  arms. 

The  only  light  in  that  dark  room  came  from  a  tiny 
barred  window.  In  the  late  afternoon  one  sun- 
beam shot  for  a  moment  through  this  window 
to  turn  my  heap  of  gold  into  little  glittering  flames. 


THE  MOST  WONDERFUL  THING  IN  THE  WORLD     11 

One  afternoon  I  looked  up  from  my  gold  just  as 
the  sunbeam  came  through  the  window.  There 
in  its  light  stood  a  stranger.  Little  golden  rays 
flickered  about  his  head  like  sunlight  among 
leaves.  I  wondered  if  this  stranger  could  be  a 
god.  He  looked  at  all  my  gold  and  smiled. 

"Are  you  happy,  Midas,  now  that  you  know 
you  are  the  richest  man  in  the  world?" 

I  shook  my  head.  "No,  stranger,  I  am  not 
satisfied." 

"What  would  satisfy  you  then?" 

I  thought  very  hard.  If  this  stranger  should 
truly  prove  to  be  a  god,  he  could  grant  my  desire. 

I  answered  slowly:  "Gold  is  hard  to  gain. 
I  wish  that  everything  I  touch  may  be  turned 
to  gold." 

The  stranger  laughed.  "The  golden  touch! 
Your  wish  is  granted,  King  Midas.  After  the 
sun  has  risen  in  the  morning,  everything  you 
touch  will  be  gold."  The  sunbeam  slipped  out 
the  window.  The  stranger  was  gone. 

I  could  hardly  wait  for  morning  to  come.  When 
the  first  ray  from  the  rising  sun  fell  on  my  bed, 
I  was  overjoyed  to  find  that  the  bed  coverings 
were  changed  to  purest  gold.  I  leaped  up  arid 
started  to  put  on  my  clothes.  I  found  myself 


12  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

in  robes  of  cloth  of  gold.  I  ran  down  the  stairs. 
Each  step  became  a  solid  block  of  yellow  metal. 

I  went  out  into  my  garden.  I  had  always 
loved  this  garden.  The  wind  blew  softly  through 
the  flowers  and  brought  me  the  warm,  sweet 
odor  of  a  hundred  roses.  I  could  see  them  nod- 
ding at  me  from  the  bushes,  heavy  with  morn- 
ing dew.  But  I  thought  that  I  could  make  them 
even  more  beautiful.  I  touched  each  rose  with 
my  finger,  and  instantly  the  petals  were  deli- 
cate plates  of  thin  gold. 

Then  I  went  in  to  my  breakfast.  At  my  plate 
I  found  a  little  brook  trout  done  to  a  turn,  two 
soft-boiled  eggs,  oat  cakes,  and  honey.  A  bowl 
of  bread  and  milk  was  waiting  for  my  daughter 
Marigold.  I  took  up  my  fork  and  it  became 
heavy  gold.  Then  I  lifted  the  fish  to  my  plate, 
and  by  accident  I  touched  its  tail.  It  was  turned 
to  as  pretty  a  little  golden  fish  as  one  could  ever 
hope  to  see.  But  it  was  certainly  not  to  be  eaten. 
I  picked  up  an  egg  to  break  it  open.  It  was  a 
heavy  mass  of  gold  in  my  hand  and  so  hot  that 
it  burned  my  fingers. 

What  was  to  be  done?  I  began  to  think  I 
should  starve  to  death.  Just  then  Marigold 
came  running  into  the  room.  She  was  a  darling 


THE  MOST  WONDERFUL  THING  IN  THE  WORLD     13 

little  girl,  and  this  morning  she  looked  very  sweet 
indeed.  She  started  eating  bread  and  milk  after 
she  had  curtsied  good-morning.  I  watched  her 
with  great  envy. 

I  decided  to  make  one  last  attempt  to  eat  my 


"Dear  Father,  what  is  the  matter?"  cried  little  Marigold. 

breakfast.  So  I  quickly  crammed  a  hot  oat 
cake  into  my  mouth,  thinking  I  might  swallow 
it  before  it  turned  to  gold.  But  the  golden  touch 
was  too  quick  for  me.  I  found  my  mouth  filled 
with  hot  metal,  and  I  jumped  up  and  began  to 
stamp  my  feet,  the  pain  was  so  great. 

Marigold  ran  swiftly  to  me.  "Dear  Father, 
what  is  the  matter?"  she  cried,  and  started  to 
throw  her  arms  about  me.  But  at  the  first  touch 


14  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

she  suddenly  stiffened,  and  the  next  instant  my 
little  Marigold  stood  before  me  a  golden  statue. 

In  that  moment  I  realized  what  a  fool  I  was. 
What  was  all  the  gold  on  earth  to  the  pink  in 
my  little  daughter's  cheeks?  LIFE!  That  was 
the  most  wonderful  thing  in  the  world!  I  looked 
up  with  tears  in  my  eyes  and  saw  the  stranger 
standing  in  the  door. 

"Are  you  satisfied  now,  oh,  King?"  he  asked. 

"Oh,    no,"    I    cried,    wringing    my    hands. 

"Which  would  you  rather  have,  a  glass  of 
water  or  the  golden  touch?" 

"Water!" 

"A   crust   of   bread   or   the   golden   touch? " 

"The  crust!" 

"Little  Marigold,  warm  and  living  in  your 
arms,  or  the  golden  touch?" 

"Marigold!"  I  moaned.  "One  dimple  in  her 
cheek  is  worth  all  the  gold  on  earth." 

The  stranger  smiled.  :'You  have  learned  your 
lesson  well,"  he  said.  "Go  bathe  in  the  river 
at  the  foot  of  your  garden,  and  it  will  wash  the 
golden  touch  away  forever.  Sprinkle  some  of 
the  river  water  on  whatever  you  wish  changed 
back  from  gold  to  its  former  state.  Farewell!" 
And  the  stranger  was  gone. 


THE  MOST  WONDERFUL  THING  IN  THE  WORLD     15 

You  may  be  sure  I  hastened  to  obey  him. 
The  first  thing  I  did  after  I  came  from  the  river 
was  to  sprinkle  some  of  the  water  over  Mari- 
gold. And  there  she  was,  a  laughing  little  girl 
again,  very  much  surprised  to  find  herself  so 
wet. 

We  went  together  and  sprinkled  the  roses. 
It  was  a  great  joy  to  me  to  see  them  turn  from 
ugly  golden  stiffness  back  to  soft,  pink,  living 
flowers  again.  Always  remember  this,  children: 
LIFE  is  the  most  wonderful  thing  in  the  world! 


CHAPTER  II 
DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS 

It  was  Tom's  birthday.  On  the  floor  of  the 
playroom  a  complete  toy  village  was  laid  out. 
Tom's  father  had  given  it  to  him,  and  both  he  and 
Sally  were  very  happy  indeed.  They  had  al- 
ways wanted  just  such  a  village. 

Supper  was  over  and  they  were  playing  with 
it  before  bedtime.  There  were  five  houses  in 
the  village  and  a  grocery,  a  school,  a  church, 
and  a  Town  Hall.  All  the  houses  were  painted 
white  and  had  red  roofs.  A  single  street,  shaded 
with  green  trees,  ran  through  the  village.  Just 
beyond  was  a  farm. 

Sally  loved  the  farm  best  of  all.  A  little  or- 
chard grew  beside  it,  and  it  was  all  in  blossom. 
A  meadow  covered  with  grass  stretched  beyond 
the  orchard.  In  it  were  a  tiny  red  and  white 
cow,  four  speckled  hens,  and  a  shiny  green  and 
black  rooster.  The  farmer  was  walking  in  his 
meadow. 

On  the  porch  of  the  farmhouse  a  woman  was 
sitting  in  a  rocking  chair  holding  a  baby.  A 

16 


DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS        17 

little  boy  and  girl  were  in  the  yard.  The  grocer 
stood  in  the  door  of  his  store.  It  was  a  wonder- 
ful village — and  so  clean  and  neat! 

Tom  and  Sally  took  the  farmer's  family  down 
the  street  for   a   walk  and   brought  them  back 


The  toy  village  was  shaded  with  green  trees. 

again.  As  Sally  put  the  woman  and  her  baby 
into  the  chair  on  the  porch,  she  thought  how 
cunning  the  baby  looked  asleep  in  his  mother's 
arms.  "Oh  dear,"  she  sighed,  "wouldn't  it 
be  lovely  if  they  could  all  come  to  life?" 

"It  would  be  fun,"  said  Tom.  "You  know, 
since  we  learned  that  life  is  the  most  wonder- 
ful thing  in  the  world,  I've  thought  and  thought! 
What  is  life  anyway?" 


18  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"Well,  that  is  a  question!"  exclaimed  a  voice 
behind  them.  They  turned  quickly,  and  there 
stood  an  old  lady  in  the  doorway.  "I  am  Dame 
Nature,"  she  said,  smiling  at  the  children. 

"Won't  you  sit  down,  Dame  Nature?"  said 
Tom  politely.  She  looked  very  much  like  Grand- 
mother, thought  Sally,  only  she  wore  a  green 
gown,  and  her  rosy  face  framed  in  white  hair 
looked  strangely  young. 

She  sat  down  on  a  footstool  by  the  open  fire. 
"Life—  '  she  said,  as  if  she  were  thinking  out 
loud.  "You  see  no  one  knows  what  that  is, 
not  even  I.  But  I  have  the  seeds  of  life,"  she 
said  smiling. 

"Oh,  have  you?"  cried  Sally  and  Tom  to- 
gether. "Please,  won't  you  show  them  to 
us?" 

She  shook  her  head.  "You  couldn't  see  them, 
even  if  I  did.  They  are  very,  very  tiny.  You 
could  hardly  believe  me  if  I  told  you  how  many 
you  could  put  on  the  point  of  a  pin.  These  seeds 
are  exceedingly  precious.  I  give  them  only  to 
plants,  animals,  and  human  beings.  But  even 
though  the  seeds  of  life  are  so  wonderful,  they 
cannot  make  anything  live  and  grow  without 
help.  Now,  I  think  I  heard  Sally  wishing  that 


DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS        19 


the  toy  village  could  be  brought  to  life.     Would 
you  like  to  have  me  try  it?" 

"Oh,  yes,"  whispered  Sally.  She  had  never 
dreamed  of  anything  like  that  really  happen- 
ing. 

Dame  Nature  put  her  hand  deep  down  into 
her  pocket  and  pulled  something  out.  The  chil- 
dren couldn't  see 
that  she  had  any- 
thing at  all  in  her 
hand.  For  all  that, 
she  held  it  very  care- 
fully, palm  upward, 
as  if  she  were  afraid 
of  spilling  some- 
thing. Then  she 
turned  her  hand 
over  above  the  vil- 

1-11  ^r-   Wind  blew  in  through 

lage.     The    children  the  window.  vj 

leaned    forward    ea- 
gerly.    Not    a    creature    in    the    whole    village 
stirred.     Everything  was  just  as  it  had  been  be- 
fore.    It  was  a  great  disappointment.     Sally,  in- 
deed, was  ready  to  cry. 

"Just  as  I  said,"  muttered  Dame  Nature. 
"We'll  have  to  have  a  little  help."  She  gave  a 


20 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


long  whistle.  In  through  the  open  window  blew 
a  tall,  thin  fellow  with  puffed-out  cheeks.  He 
was  wrapped  in  a  long  purple  cloak  that  billowed 
out  above  his  head. 

"Mr.  Wind,"  said  the  Dame,  "these  children 
and  I  are  trying  an  experiment,  and  we  decided 

we  would  have  to  have 
a  little  air.  Will  you 
give  some  to  this  vil- 
lage?" 

"Certainly,  Mad- 
ame," said  Mr.  Wind, 
bowing  low.  At  the 
same  time  he  puffed  a 
great  breath  over  the 
village.  The  next  mo- 
ment the  children  heard 
him  whistling  through 


the  trees  outside. 


Madame  Rain  sprinkled    water 


Sti11     tn^     village     re- 

over  the  red  roofs.  mained  as  before.    The 

Dame  clapped  her  hands  lightly.  A  beautiful 
lady  came  in  through  the  window.  She  sounded 
like  rain  pattering  on  the  roof.  "Madame  Rain," 
said  Dame  Nature,  "will  you  kindly  water  this 
village  for  us?" 


DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS        21 


"With  the  greatest  of  pleasure,  Madame," 
she  replied,  as  she  shook  her  fingers  above  the 
red  roofs.  Then  out  she  ran,  patter — patter. 
Tom  was  sure  he  saw 
the  farmer  take  a  step, 
and  Sally  thought  she 
heard  the  rooster  crow. 
But  although  the  village 
stirred  gently  like  a  baby 
in  its  sleep,  it  was  still 
far  from  being  really 
alive. 

"I'll  have  to  call  on  my 
Lord  the  Sun,"  said  the 
Dame.  She  went  to  the 
window  and  sang  a  queer 
little  song.  A  long  beam 
of  sunlight  came  tumbling 
into  the  room  and  shone 
on  the  village.  "Thank 
you,  my  Lord,"  called 
Dame  Nature. 

The  children  began  to 
clap  their  hands.  The  village  was  coming  to  life 
at  last.  The  baby  stirred  and  the  woman  started 
to  rock  him.  The  boy  and  girl  threw  a  ball  back 


My  Lord  the  Sun  sent  a  sun- 
beam tumbling  into  the 
room. 


22 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


and  forth  to  each  other.  In  the  meadow  the 
rooster  gave  an  unmistakeable  crow.  The  farmer 
walked  around  his  farm  with  an  air  of  great 

pride.  The  grocer 
went  into  his  shop  and 
pulled  up  the  shades. 

But  in  a  few  min- 
utes the  movements 
became  slower  and 
slower.  Tom  saw  that 
the  children's  cheeks 
were  growing  pale. 
"Look!"  he  cried, 
"they're  going  to  die." 
"To  be  sure!"  said 
the  Dame.  "We  for- 
got food.  They  can't 
possibly  live  long  with- 
out that."  She  rang 


Sir   Food    stepped    out   of   the 


a    silver    bell    hanging 


fireplace. 

at  her  side.  An  odd  little  man  stepped  out  of 
the  fireplace.  He  was  short  and  fat  and  wore  a 
cook's  cap  and  apron.  "Sir  Food,"  said  the 
Dame,  "the  people  in  this  village  are  starving  to 
death." 

"Oh    my!"    he    cried,    much    distressed,    "we 


DAME  NATURE  AND  HER  FIVE  HELPERS        23 


can't  have  that."  He  waved  his  fat  hands  over 
the  village  and  disappeared.  The  woman  who 
had  been  sitting  on  the  porch  got  up  and  went 
into  the  house.  Smoke  began  to  pour  out  of 
the  chimneys.  The  farmer  found  a  pail  and 
started  to  milk  the  cow.  The  rooster  and  hens 
began  scratching  for  worms  in  the  meadow. 

Tom  and  Sally 
were  delighted.  They 
watched  the  little 
people  going  about 
the  business  of  the 
day  for  a  long  time. 
Then  they  noticed 
that  the  beam  of  sun- 
light was  slowly  fad- 
ing. The  boy  and 

Lady  Sleep    shook  her  silver  horn 
girl     Went     to     Sit    on  over  the  village. 

the  steps  of  the  farm- 
house, as  if  they  were  very  tired.  The  baby  gave 
a  little  whining  cry,  and  the  woman  tried  to  hush 
him,  but  he  cried  harder  than  ever.  The  farmer 
stopped  digging  in  the  orchard  and  sat  down 
under  an  apple  tree.  The  blossoms  on  the  trees 
closed  their  petals.  Dame  Nature  began  to 
croon  a  soft  lullaby.  A  slender  figure  in  gray 


24  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

slipped  through  the  window  and  shook  shining 
dust  from  a  silver  horn  over  the  village.  The 
children  looked  again.  Trees,  animals,  and  people 
were  fast  asleep.  "Nothing  can  live  without 
Lady  Sleep,"  said  Dame  Nature  very  softly. 

"Well,  children,"  said  a  voice  at  the  door, 
"what  did  you  learn  in  school  to-day?"  It  was 
their  father.  He  was  coming  in  to  say  good- 
night, as  he  always  did. 

Tom  rubbed  his  eyes  and  looked  at  the  village. 
Then  he  looked  at  Sally.  She  seemed  puzzled 
over  something.  "Why,"  replied  Tom  slowly, 
"we  learned  that  nothing  can  live  and  grow 
without  air  and  water  and — and,"  he  stopped 
to  think.  "Sunlight  and  food  and  sleep,"  fin- 
ished Sally  with  a  rush. 

"That  is  very  true,"  said  Father.  "If  you 
and  Sally  want  to  be  healthy  and  happy  all  your 
lives,  you  will  always  have  for  friends  Fresh 
Air,  Pure  Water,  Sunlight,  Good  Food,  and 
Sleep.  I  think  I  hear  Lady  Sleep  calling  you 
now,"  he  ended  with  a  smile,  as  he  kissed  them 
good-night. 


CHAPTER  III 

THE    NATURALIZATION    LAW    OF    THE 
LAND   OF  HEALTH 

Father  looked  up  from  the  newspaper  he  was 
reading.  "Tony,  the  baker,  is  a  citizen  at  last," 
he  said  to  Mother.  "I  saw  him  in  the  village 
just  before  I  came  home  for  supper.  He  is  giv- 
ing a  party  to-night  to  celebrate." 

Mother  nodded  her  head.  "I  know  about 
it,"  she  said.  "I  saw  his  wife  this  afternoon. 
I  believe  she  is  just  as  pleased  as  Tony  is." 

The  whole  family  was  sitting  about  the  open 
fire  in  the  living  room.  Tom  and  Sally  were 
playing  checkers,  but  they  stopped  to  ask  about 
Tony.  He  was  a  great  friend  of  the  children's 
as  he  often  gave  them  rides  in  the  bakery  wagon. 

"Why  is  it  such  a  wonderful  thing  to  be  a 
citizen,  Father?"  asked  Tom. 

"There  are  many  reasons,  Tom,"  replied  Fa- 
ther. "When  a  person  is  a  citizen  of  a  country, 
he  is  protected  by  the  government  of  that  coun- 
try wherever  he  may  be.  If  Tony  should  go  to 
Italy  for  a  visit  and  be  hurt  there  in  any  way, 

25 


26  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

the  United  States  would  see  that  Tony  was  given 
justice  for  his  hurt.  In  most  countries  a  citizen 
also  has  the  right  to  vote  for  the  people  whom 
he  wants  to  have  govern  his  country  and  make 
its  laws.  In  return,  he  must  obey  the  laws  of 
the  country,  and  be  loyal  and  true  to  the  prin- 
ciples for  which  it  stands." 

"But,  Father,"  said  Sally,  "why  did  Tony 
have  to  be  made  a  citizen?" 

"Well,  you  see,  Sally,  Tony  wasn't  born  in 
this  country.  He  came  from  Italy  a  little  over 
five  years  ago.  Now  the  law  of  the  United  States 
says  that  if  a  person  is  not  born  here,  he  must 
become  naturalized  if  he  wishes  to  be  a  citizen. 
First,  he  must  go  to  a  judge  and  say  that  he 
wishes  to  be  a  citizen.  Then  he  receives  what 
we  call  his  first  papers. 

"When  he  has  lived  here  five  years,  he  goes 
before  a  judge  again.  The  judge  finds  out  whether 
he  understands  the  principles  which  the  United 
States  stand  for.  He  also  sees  whether  the  man 
can  speak  and  understand  English.  Then  he 
gives  him  a  paper  that  makes  him  a  citizen. 
Tony  went  to  get  his  first  papers  just  a  little 
while  after  he  landed  in  this  country.  To-day 
he  was  given  the  second  paper,  which  makes 


THE  NATURALIZATION  LAW 


27 


him  a  full  citizen.  Naturally  he  is  very 
proud." 

"It's  like  being  promoted  in  school.  We  get 
a  paper  then,"  said  Sally. 

"Yes,"  replied  Father,  "it  is  a  little  like  that. 
Only  it  means  very  much  more  to  Tony  to  be 


Tony  is  proud  to  become  a  full  citizen  of  the  United  States. 

a  citizen  of  the  United  States  than  it  did  to  you 
and  Tom  to  be  promoted  from  the  third  to  the 
fourth  grade."  Father  went  back  to  his  paper 
with  a  smile. 

"Have  you   named   your   village   yet,   Tom?" 
asked  Mother,  looking  up  from  her  sewing. 


28  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"No,  I  haven't,"  replied  Tom.  "Sally  and 
I  can't  think  of  a  single  name  we  like." 

"You  might  call  it  Happy  Village,"  said 
Mother. 

"That  is  a  nice  name,  Mother,"  said  Tom. 
"I  do  think  we'll  call  it  that.  Shall  we,  Sally?" 

"It's  a  lovely  name,"  cried  Sally.  "Let's 
hurry  and  christen  it." 

They  ran  up  to  the  playroom  together.  Tom 
set  to  work  with  his  paints  to  make  a  little  sign 


HAPPY 

VILLAGE 

that  could  be  glued  over  the  door  of  the  Town 
Hall.  Sally  began  brushing  the  street  of  the 
village  with  her  doll's  house  broom.  "You  know, 
Tom,"  she  said,  "if  we  had  some  of  the  mixture 
that  made  Alice  in  Wonderland  grow  small  when 
she  drank  it,  we  could  make  ourselves  little  enough 
to  walk  right  down  this  street." 

"I  know  it,"  said  Tom,  with  a  sigh.  "Wouldn't 
it  be  fun!" 

The  words  were  hardly  out  of  his  mouth  be- 
fore the  children  found  themselves  walking  along 
the  village  street!  The  strange  thing  about  it 
was  that  Tom  and  Sally  hadn't  become  any 


THE  NATURALIZATION  LAW  29 

smaller,  but  the  village  had  grown  larger.  Under 
a  tree  in  the  meadow  Sally  saw  a  familiar  fig- 
ure. "Why,  it's  Dame  Nature,"  she  cried. 

The  children  ran  toward  her  through  the  tall 
grass.  "Hello,  Tom  and  Sally,"  she  called. 
"Do  you  like  my  village?" 

"It's  beautiful,"  panted  Sally,  throwing  her- 
self down  in  the  grass.  Tom  seated  himself  on 
a  stone  and  fanned  himself  with  a  burdock  leaf. 

"Do  you  know  where  you  are?"  asked  Dame 
Nature. 

"We're  in  Happy  Village,  of  course,"  said 
Tom. 

"Yes,  but  do  you  know  what  country?"  Tom 
shook  his  head.  "You  are  in  the  Land  of  Health," 
replied  the  Dame. 

"It's  a  lovely  country,"  murmured  Sally  softly. 
Indeed  it  was!  A  spicy  wind  blew  through  the 
buttercups  and  clover  in  the  meadow.  Yellow 
butterflies  drifted  in  and  out  of  the  warm  sun- 
light and  cool  shadow.  The  green  and  black 
rooster  hopped  up  on  a  hillock,  flung  back  his 
head,  and  crowed  joyously.  Even  the  red  and 
white  cow  looked  happy.  Over  in  the  farmyard 
the  children  were  having  a  jolly  time  running 
races. 


30  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  should  like  to  be  a  citizen  of  this  country," 
said  Tom,  putting  down  his  leaf  fan. 

"Would  you?"  said  the  Dame.  "I'm  the 
Queen  here,  you  know.  Perhaps  I  can  arrange 
it.  I'll  have  to  call  in  the  Judge  to  explain  the 
law  first,  though." 

She  whistled,  and  in  the  wink  of  an  eyelash 
Mr.  Wind  stood  beside  her,  his  cheeks  as  puffy 
as  ever.  "Mr.  Wind,"  requested  the  Dame, 
"will  you  ask  the  Judge  to  come  here  a  mo- 
ment?" 

"Whish,  whe-e-e-e,"  went  Mr.  Wind,  and  off 
he  blew.  He  came  back  almost  immediately 
with  the  strangest  looking  old  gentleman  the 
children  had  ever  seen.  He  wore  a  white  wig 
and  a  black  gown,  but  he  had  only  one  arm, 
and  he  appeared  to  be  rather  stiff.  When  he 
moved,  he  rattled.  "It's  his  weights,  you  know," 
whispered  Mr.  Wind.  "His  name  is  Judge  Scales." 
And  away  flew  Mr.  Wind. 

"Judge,"  said  the  Dame,  "these  children 
would  like  to  become  citizens  of  the  Land  of 
Health.  Will  you  read  them  the  law?" 

The  Judge  cleared  his  throat.  It  made  him 
rattle  worse  than  ever.  Then  he  pulled  a  paper 
from  the  folds  of  his  gown  and  began  to  read: 


THE  NATURALIZATION  LAW  31 

NATURALIZATION  LAW  OF  THE  LAND  OF 
HEALTH 

1.  Before  any  person  is  admitted  to  citi- 

zenship, that  person  must  learn  the 
laws  and  keep  them. 

2.  He  must  weigh  what  is  right  for  a 

person    of    his    height    and   age. 

3.  The   citizens  of   this   land  are   given 

strong  bodies  and  cheerful  minds, 
to  make  them  happy  and  keep  them 
from  harm  for  the  rest  of  their 
lives.  In  return,  they  must  give 
obedience  to  its  laws  and  help  pro- 
tect it  from  the  enemy. 

The  Judge  bowed  to  Dame  Nature  and  started 
to  walk  away.  "Oh,  Judge,  you  forgot  to  give 
them  their  first  papers,"  cried  Dame  Nature. 

"To  be  sure,"  mumbled  the  Judge.  "I'm 
so  overworked  these  days  that  I'm  getting  absent- 
minded."  He  pulled  out  two  sheets  of  green 
paper  that  looked  like  lettuce  leaves.  He  handed 
them  to  the  Dame,  who  wrote  Sally's  name  on 
one  and  Tom's  on  the  other.  Sally  read  hers 
out  loud: 


This  is  to  certify  that  safy  wishes 
to  become  a  citizen  of  the  Land  of 
Health. 


32 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


"Now  then,"  said  Dame  Nature  briskly,  after 
the  Judge  had  left  them,  "you  must  start  learn- 
ing the  laws.  The  very  best  way  to  do  that  is 
to  have  my  ministers  give  you  lessons.  You 


Tom  and  Sally  are  happy  when  Judge  Scales  gives  Dame  Nature 
their  first  papers. 

know  them,  don't  you?  Their  names  are  Mr. 
Wind,  Madame  Rain,  my  Lord  the  Sun,  Sir 
Food,  and  Lady  Sleep.  I'll  send  Mr.  Wind  to 
you  to-morrow  evening.  Then  I'll  send  the 
others  in  turn  until  you  know  all  the  laws." 


THE  NATURALIZATION  LAW  33 

"Time  to  go  to  bed,  children,"  said  their 
mother's  voice. 

"Oh,  Mother,"  cried  Sally,  giving  a  little  jump. 
"We  are  having  such  a  lovely  time  playing  with 
the  village.  We  don't  want  to  go  to  bed  yet." 

"In  just  a  little  while,"  said  Mother  smiling, 
"you  will  find  yourself  in  the  Garden  of  Dreams. 
You  and  Tom  want  to  be  healthy,  don't  you, 
so  that  you  can  play  as  hard  as  you  like,  and 
learn  your  lessons  easily?  Well,  the  Garden  of 
Dreams  lies  in  the  Land  of  Health." 


CHAPTER  IV 
FRESH    AIR    AND    ITS    MAGIC    GIFT 

Smack!  went  the  wind  against  the  window- 
pane,  leaving  a  rather  breezy  kiss.  "It's  Mr. 
Wind;  he  wants  to  come  in,"  said  Tom,  looking 
up  from  a  book. 

"Wait  just  a  minute,  Mr.  Wind,"  called  Sally. 
She  opened  the  window  and — whe-e-e-e,  Mr. 
Wind  leaped  over  the  sill. 

"All  ready  for  lessons?"  he  asked,  walking  up 
and  down  the  playroom.  (He  is  a  restless  fellow 
and  can  never  sit  still.)  "Dame  Nature  tells 
me  that  you  children  want  to  be  citizens  of  the 
Land  of  Health,"  he  went  on,  "and  she  has  sent 
me  to  teach  you  the  first  law." 

"What  is  the  first  law,  Mr.  Wind?"  asked  Tom. 

"The  first  law  is  Breathe  plenty  of  fresh  air. 
I  move  the  air  about,  you  know.  I  have  a  great 
many  different  names.  When  I  stir  the  air  gently, 
I'm  called  Breeze;  and  when  I  make  it  travel 
very  fast  indeed,  my  name  is  Tempest.  When 
I  take  air  in  and  out  of  buildings,  I  have  a  long 
name,  Ventilation.  This  name  comes  from  an 

34 


FRESH  AIR  AND  ITS  MAGIC  GIFT  35 

old  word  meaning  little  wind."  He  nodded 
his  head.  "Yes,  indeed,  I  have  a  great  many 
disguises,  and  sometimes  it's  very  convenient, 
I  assure  you. 

"You  see,  air  has  to  go  everywhere  or  people 
couldn't  live.  And  yet  you  have  no  idea  how 
some  people  treat  me.  When  they  go  to  bed  at 
night,  they  shut  all  the  windows  and  doors  so 
that  I  can't  let  any  fresh  air  in.  I  have  to  boost 
it  in  through  the  keyhole.  Imagine  that!" 

"Why  can't  people  live  long  without  air,  Mr. 
Wind?"  asked  Sally. 

"Because  everything  that  lives  must  have  the 
magic  gift  that  air  brings  them.  It  is  one  of 
Dame  Nature's  laws.  This  gift  is  called  oxygen. 
Whenever  you  look  at  a  fire,  you  see  oxygen 
at  wbrk,  for  that  is  what  makes  the  fire  burn. 
Your  body  must  have  oxygen  to  live,  just  as  the 
fire  must  have  it  to  keep  burning. 

"You  and  Tom  and  all  other  human  beings 
have  two  little  rooms,  called  lungs,  in  which  to 
receive  air.  You  breathe  it  in  through  your  nose 
into  your  throat,  and  down  a  little  passage- 
way, called  the  windpipe,  into  the  lungs.  Then 
you  breathe  it  out  again.  Some  of  the  blood 
in  your  body  meets  the  air  when  it  is  in  the  lungs 


36 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


and  takes  from  it  the  magic  gift  of  oxygen.  This 
gift  is  carried  by  the  blood  all  over  the  body, 
so  that  every  part  of  the  living  material  that 

makes  up  your  body, 
even  to  the  tips  of 
your  fingers  and  toes, 
shall  have  the  oxygen 
it  needs. 

"The  blood  also 
gives  something  to 
the  air  to  take  out 
of  the  body." 

"Tom,  does  your 
father  have  to  do 
anything  to  the  fur- 

This  shows  the  way  fresh  air  reaches    nace  fire>  besides  Put~ 
your  lungs    with  its   magic    gift    ting   coal   on   it?" 
of  oxygen.  «TXTU  »  -j 

Why,    yes,      said 

Tom.  "He  has  to  shake  down  the  ashes  and 
take  them  out.  Sometimes  I  help  him,"  he  added 
proudly. 

"Well,"  said  Mr.  Wind,  "your  body  has  left- 
overs from  living  that  it  cannot  use,  just  as  the 
furnace  fire  has  ashes  left  over  from  burning. 
Some  of  these  left-overs  pass  from  the  blood  to 
the  air  when  it  is  in  the  lungs.  If  your  father 


FRESH   AIR  AND  ITS  MAGIC  GIFT  37 

never  took  out  the  ashes  from  the  furnace  fire, 
the  fire  would  go  out.  If  the  air  never  took  waste, 
from  the  blood,  the  body  would  die.  The  air  you 
breathe  out  is  filled  with  this  waste. 

"When  all  the  windows  are  shut  in  a  room 
where  people  are,  I  can't  come  in  to  move  out 
the  air  that  has  come  from  the  lungs  with  its 
load  of  waste.  I  can't  bring  in  fresh  air  with 
its  magic  gift  of  oxygen.  The  air  in  such  a  room 
is  stale  and  hot,  and  is  full  of  the  waste  from 
people's  lungs  and  the  smell  from  their  bodies. 

"Stale  air  is  fresh  air's  wicked  stepsister.  She 
steals  the  red  from  children's  cheeks.  She  makes 
them  feel  tired  when  they  have  been  sitting  in  a 
hot,  stuffy  room  instead  of  playing  out  of  doors. 
She  makes  it  hard  for  them  to  learn  their  lessons. 
She  puts  a  droop  in  their  eyelids  and,  what  is  worst 
of  all,  she  puts  crossness  in  their  hearts.  I  have 
no  patience  with  stale  air.  I  hustle  her  off 
to  be  tidied  up  as  soon  as  I  come  into  a 


room.': 


"But  isn't  fresh  air  ever  dirty?"  asked  Tom. 
"Sometimes  when  the  window  is  wide  open,  I 
see  little  specks  of  dust  floating  in  the  sun- 
light." 

"The  air  is  always  full  of  bits  of  dust  that  I 


38  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

can't  help  stirring  up  from  the  earth  now  and 
then,"  explained  Mr.  Wind.  "But  Dame  Na- 
ture has  provided  for  that.  When  the  air  goes 
through  the  nose  on  its  way  to  the  throat,  the 
moist  lining  of  the  nose  catches  the  dirt  particles 
and  holds  them  back.  The  nose  passages  are 
heated,  so  that  the  air  is  warmed  before  it  reaches 
the  throat  and  lungs.  Cold  air  full  of  dust  is 
very  bad  for  the  throat.  That  is  why  you  should 
always  breathe  through  your  nose  and  never 
through  your  mouth. 

"And  now,"  said  Mr.  Wind  smiling,  "I'm 
going  to  tell  you  a  story."  And  this  was  his 
story. 

Once  upon  a  time,  Fresh  Air  lived  at  the  end 
of  the  world  with  her  stepsister,  Stale  Air,  and 
her  stepmother,  Shut  Windows.  Her  step- 
mother didn't  love  her  at  all  and  would  never  let 
her  come  into  the  house.  She  had  to  sleep  in 
the  garden.  Of  course,  Fresh  Air  rather  liked 
this  arrangement. 

One  day  Stale  Air  set  out  to  seek  her  fortune. 
She  walked  along  until  she  came  to  a  town  where 
all  the  people  seemed  in  great  distress.  "Our 
little  princess  is  very  sick,"  they  cried,  wring- 
ing their  hands.  "  Can  you  help  her,  oh,  stranger? 


FRESH  AIR  AND  ITS  MAGIC  GIFT  39 

The  king  has  offered  a  big  reward  to  any  one 
who  can." 

Stale  Air  went  to  the  palace  and  knocked  at 
the  door.  When  she  told  the  footman  her  er- 
rand, she  was  taken  to  the  bedroom  of  the  prin- 
cess immediately.  "Ah-ha!"  thought  Stale  Air, 
as  she  looked  around,  "this  is  just  the  sort  of 
place  I  like."  Heavy  curtains  were  hung  about 
the  bed  where  the  poor  little  princess  lay.  Not 
a  window  was  open!  Stale  Air  sat  down  on  a 
footstool  by  the  bed. 

Just  then  a  little  prince  came  in  with  a  golden 
ball  in  his  hand.  He  had  been  crying.  "My 
father  gave  me  this  for  my  birthday,"  he  said, 
"but  I  cannot  throw  it  high  in  the  air,  as  the 
village  boys  do  with  their  ordinary  balls." 

"I  should  sell  it  and  buy  something  that  I 
could  play  with  in  the  house,"  replied  Stale  Air 
with  a  wicked  laugh. 

In  the  meantime,  Fresh  Air  also  set  out  to  seek 
her  fortune. 

She  soon  came  to  the  village  where  the  little 
princess  lived.  When  she  heard  about  the  child's 
sickness,  she  went  to  the  palace  to  offer  her  serv- 
ices. The  king  and  queen  took  her  to  the  room 
where  the  princess  lay,  so  pale  and  weak  that 


40  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

she  could  hardly  move.  "And  no  wonder!" 
cried  Fresh  Air,  when  she  saw  the  heavy  cur- 
tains and  the  closed  windows.  Then  she  spied 
Stale  Air  sitting  on  a  stool  at  the  foot  of  the 
bed,  sulking  as  usual. 

The  first  thing  Fresh  Air  did  was  to  run  to  a 
window  and  throw  it  open.  "Mr.  Wind,"  she 
called,  "come  quickly!"  I  came  with  a  rush, 
and  I  hustled  Stale  Air  out  of  that  room  in  a 
twinkling.  Then  Fresh  Air  sat  by  the  bed  and 
fanned  the  little  princess  until  she  sprang  up  a» 
well  as  ever. 

The  little  prince  came  in  with  his  golden  ball 
and  was  much  surprised  to  see  his  sister  with 
such  rosy  cheeks.  "I  wish  some  one  could  help 
me  throw  this  ball  as  high  as  the  boys  in  the 
village  throw  theirs,"  he  said. 

"Come  out  of  doors,  both  of  you,"  said  Fresh 
Air,  "and  I'll  teach  you."  So  they  all  ran  out 
to  the  palace  garden.  They  stayed  there  all  the 
afternoon.  When  it  was  time  to  go  in  for  supper, 
the  prince  could  throw  his  ball  so  high  that  it 
looked  like  a  golden  star.  And  my,  what  ap- 
petites those  children  had! 

The  king  and  queen  were  more  grateful  than 
tongue  can  tell.  They  offered  Fresh  Air  half 


FRESH  AIR  AND  ITS  MAGIC  GIFT  41 

of  their  kingdom.  But  she  only  asked  that  all 
the  bedroom  windows  in  the  palace  be  kept  open 
at  night,  and  that  the  prince  and  princess  be 
allowed  to  play  with  her  every  day  in  the  palace 
garden.  So  they  all  lived  happily  ever  after. 


Fairy  Fresh  Air  cures  the  sick  princess. 

As  for  Stale  Air,  I  should  like  nothing  better 
than  to  shut  her  up  forever  with  her  stepmother, 
Shut  Windows,  in  the  house  at  the  end  of  the 
world. 

"And  now,  children,"  said  Mr.  Wind  briskly, 
before  Tom  and  Sally  could  say  a  word,  "this 
is  the  first  law.  You  must  remember  it  al- 
ways if  you  wish  to  be  citizens  of  the  Land  of 
Health. 


42  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  must  always  breathe  fresh  air 
In  rainy  weather  and  in  fair." 

Mr.    Wind   then   asked  Tom   and   Sally   these 
questions  to  see  if  they  understood  the  first  law: 

1.  What  is  my  name  when  I  move  air  in  and  out  of  build- 
ings? 

2.  Why  is  air  necessary  for  every  one? 

3.  How  does  air  reach  the  lungs? 

4.  What  does  the  air  give  to  the  blood  that  it  meets  in 
the  lungs? 

5.  What  does  the  blood  give  to  the  air  to  take  out  of 
the  body? 

6.  What  is  stale  air? 

7.  What  does  stale  air  do  to  the  body? 

8.  What  happens  to  the  air  on  its  way  through  the  nose 
to  the  throat? 

9.  Why  must  you  breathe  through  your  nose  and   not 
through  your  mouth? 

10.  Why  was  the  little  princess  in  the  story  sick?    What 
did  Fresh  Air  do  to  make  her  well? 

11.  What  have  you  learned  about  your  bedroom  windows? 

12.  Why  is  it  bad  for  people  to  sit  or  sleep  in  a  room  that 
is  not  well  ventilated? 

13.  I  know  a  little  girl  named  Ellen  who  once  had  a  hard 
cold.    She  decided  not  to  open  her  bedroom  window  at  night. 
Why  did  Ellen  feel  worse  instead  of  better  in  the  morning? 


CHAPTER  V 
STRAIGHT   BODIES   AND    STRONG   MUSCLES 

One  afternoon  in  Indian  summer  Sally  and 
Tom  went  to  the  woods  to  gather  nuts.  On 
the  way  home  they  sat  down  in  a  great  heap 
of  warm,  dry  leaves  to  count  their  nuts.  "One 
— two — three — four,"  counted  Sally,  as  she 
dropped  them  from  a  pile  in  her  lap  back  into 
her  tin  pail. 

"Doing  sums?"  asked  a  voice  politely  from 
the  center  of  a  little  flurry  of  leaves.  Tom  and 
Sally  looked  down,  but  they  could  see  no  one  at 
all.  "Doing  sums?"  called  a  voice  from  the 
tree  tops. 

"I  know!"  exclaimed  Tom,  jumping  up.  "It's 
Mr.  Wind.  He  has  come  to  teach  us  the  second 
law." 

"I  knew  you'd  guess  it,"  said  Mr.  Wind,  step- 
ping out  from  behind  an  oak  tree.  "We  haven't 
much  time  either  before  my  Lord  the  Sun  goes 
down.  The  second  law  you  must  learn  is  Hold 
your  bodies  straight  and  exercise  your  muscles.'9 
Mr  Wind  paced  back  and  forth  in  front  of  the 

43 


44 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


children,  blowing  leaves  from  the  trees  at  every 

word  he  spoke. 

"Dame    Nature    built    your    bodies    about    a 

framework  of  bones.     This  framework  is  called 

the  skeleton.  If  you 
didn't  have  it,  you 
would  be  all  limp 
and  floppy  like  the 
wet  clothes  I  blow 
about  on  the  clothes- 
line. Just  as  your 
body  keeps  your 
clothes  in  shape 
when  you  wear 
them,  so  the  skele- 

J  MUSCLE 

ton  keeps  your  body 

Muscles  move  the  bones  by  becom-     ^  .    ,  . 

ing  shorter  and   then   stretching     firm  and  Upright. 


out    again.      Can    you    feel    the 
muscles  in  your  arm  working? 


'Then  Dame  Na- 
ture fastened  mus- 
cles to  the  bones.  Muscles  are  like  the  elastic 
bands  in  Tom's  sling,  only  they  are  alive.  They 
move  the  bones  by  becoming  shorter  and  then 
stretching  out  again.  If  you  didn't  have  mus- 
cles, you  couldn't  move  at  all,  unless  I  blew 
you  about  once  in  a  while.  The  muscles  also 
hold  the  bones  in  place." 


STRAIGHT  BODIES  AND  STRONG  MUSCLES      45 

Mr.  Wind  reached  his  hand  into  one  of  the 
folds  of  his  long  purple  cloak  and  brought  out  two 
pea  pods.  "I  thought  I  remembered  putting 
them  there  last  summer  for  just  such  an  occasion 
as  this,"  he  muttered  with  a  satisfied  air. 

He  broke  open  the  first  pod,  which  was  long  and 
slim  and  straight.  Then  he  showed  the  children 
six  peas,  each  touching  the  other  and  each  one 
as  round  and  smooth  as  a  pea  should  be.  "That 
is  the  way  Dame  Nature  wants  peas  to  grow," 
said  Mr.  Wind.  "She  packs  them  away  nicely 
in  a  pod  that  is  just  big  enough,  and  that  will 
grow  along  with  them.  But  look  at  this,"  he 
said,  breaking  open  the  other  pod,  which  was 
twisted  and  short.  Six  peas  were  inside,  just  as 
in  the  first  pod.  But  oh,  what  funny-looking 
things  they  were! 

They  were  all  "scrooched"  in  together,  as 
Sally  said,  and  each  pea  was  dented  and  wrinkled 
out  of  shape.  "These  two  pods  are  from  the 
same  vine,"  said  Mr.  Wind.  "Dame  Nature 
started  them  both  out  properly,  but  something 
happened  to  the  twisted  pod  when  it  was  grow- 
ing. When  growing  things  are  young,  they  are 
very  easily  bent  out  of  shape.  I  don't  know 
exactly  what  happened  to  this  pea  pod,  but  it 


46  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

grew  twisted.  And  the  peas  inside  were  fitted  so 
closely  in  the  pod  that  they  had  to  be  twisted  too. 

"Now  you  know  that  your  body  is  divided 
into  head,  trunk,  arms,  and  legs.  In  the  bony 
framework  of  the  trunk,  Dame  Nature  has  packed 
several  very  important  parts  of  your  body,  just 
as  she  packed  the  peas  in  the  pod.  When  your 
muscles  hold  your  body  straight,  there  is  just 
room  enough  for  each  part  to  do  its  work  well. 
But  if  you  let  your  muscles  get  lazy  and  slack, 
they  will  be  unable  to  hold  the  bones  in  place. 
And  if  the  bony  parts  of  the  trunk  are  not  held 
in  proper  position,  those  important  parts  of  the 
body  that  are  packed  in  the  framework  of  the  trunk 
will  be  crowded  together  like  the  peas  in  the 
twisted  pod.  Then  they  cannot  do  the  work 
that  is  necessary  to  keep  the  body  well.  Your 
whole  body  will  be  out  of  shape  too,  instead  of 
straight  and  beautiful,  as  Dame  Nature  made 
it  in  the  first  place." 

"Oh  dear,"  said  Sally,  "I  wouldn't  like  that 
at  all,  would  you,  Tom?  The  twisted  pod  was 
so  ugly  and  the  straight  one  so  pretty." 

"That  is  another  reason  for  holding  the  body 
straight,"  went  on  Mr.  Wind.  "No  one  likes 
to  see  a  boy  or  girl  slouching  along  the  street 


STRAIGHT  BODIES  AND  STRONG  MUSCLES       47 

with  bent  shoulders  and  dangling  arms.  I  always 
feel  like  blowing  off  their  hats  to  make  them  run 
and  harden  up  their  muscles.  Sometimes  I  shout: 
'Halt!  Up  with  your  head  and  chest!  Shoulders 


It  makes  Mr.  Wind  angry  to  see  anyone  slouching  along  the  street. 

back!     Stomach  in!     Now  then!     Left — right- 
left — right,  and  mind  you  walk  on  the  balls  of 
your   feet!'      But   they   never    understand    me," 
sighed  Mr.   Wind.      "They  just  say:   'Hear  the 
wind  roaring  down  the  street!" 

"Never  mind,  Mr.  Wind,"  said  Sally  kindly. 
"We'll  know  after  this." 

'That  cheers  me  up  quite  a  bit,"  said  Mr. 
Wind,  drawing  his  hand  across  his  eyes.  "But 
Tempest  and  Teapots!  We  must  get  on  with 
the  lesson.  You  have  learned  that  if  you  didn't 


48  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

have  muscles,  you  couldn't  move  at  all.  Muscles 
are  very  obliging  little  fellows.  They  are  just 
what  you  train  them  to  be.  If  the  days  are  too 
short  for  all  the  things  you  want  to  do,  and  you 
play  and  work  with  all  your  might,  your  muscles 
become  harder  and  stronger  each  day.  If  you 
move  only  as  much  as  you  have  to  in  order  to 
get  about  in  the  world,  they  become  soft  and 
flabby.  Training  the  muscles  to  be  hard  and 
strong  is  called  exercise. 

"But  what  am  I  thinking  of  to  let  you  children 
sit  still  so  long!"  he  said  suddenly,  and  off  he 
whirled  to  the  meadow  at  the  edge  of  the  wood. 
He  was  back  in  a  second,  holding  carefully  in  a 
fold  of  his  cloak  two  dandelions  that  had  gone 
to  seed. 

"I'm  going  to  play  a  very  old  game  with  you," 
he  said.  "I  used  to  play  it  long  ago  with  the 
maidens  of  Greece.  It  is  called  the  torch  race. 
The  Greeks  loved  games,  and  every  four  years 
they  used  to  meet  at  a  place  called  Olympia  to 
play  them  with  each  other.  Foot-racing,  boxing, 
wrestling,  quoit  throwing,  and  jumping  were 
the  things  they  loved  best  to  do. 

"The  ancient  Greeks  had  the  strongest  and 
most  beautiful  bodies  the  world  has  ever  known, 


STRAIGHT  BODIES  AND  STRONG  MUSCLES      49 

because  they  exercised  their  muscles  so  often. 
They  knew,  too,  that  there  are  many  muscles  in 
the  body,  and  so  they  played  all  sorts  of  games 
to  give  each  muscle  a  chance  to  become  strong. 
Perhaps  you  know  that  great  athletic  meetings 
held  in  different  countries  for  athletes  from  all 
over  the  world  are  still  called  Olympic  Games 
in  memory  of  these  games  of  ancient  Greece." 

My  Lord  the  Sun  winked  at  Sally  from  behind 
a  low  cedar  tree.  "Oh  dear,  Mr.  Wind,"  she 
cried,  "it's  almost  time  for  the  sun  to  go  down. 
Please  won't  you  teach  us  the  game?" 

"Tempest  and  Teapots!  I  do  talk  a  great  deal," 
said  Mr.  Wind  smiling.  "I  notice  it  more  and 
more  as  I  grow  older.  Well,  each  of  you  must 
take  one  of  these  dandelions  that  have  gone  to 
seed.  The  Greek  maidens  carried  lighted  torches, 
but  they  were  grown  up.  Children  should  never 
play  with  fire. 

"Each  of  you  put  your  toes  on  this  line,"  he 
went  on,  blowing  a  furrow  through  the  leaves. 
"Now  do  you  see  that  old  beech  tree  over  yonder? 
We  will  all  three  run  toward  it.  You  must  try 
to  keep  me  from  blowing  away  all  the  little  winged 
seeds  of  the  dandelion,  just  as  the  Greek  maidens 
tried  to  keep  me  from  blowing  out  their  torches. 


50 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


If  all  the  seeds  are  gone  when  we  reach  the  beech, 
I  win.  If  only  one  of  you  has  any  seeds  left, 
that  one  wins.  If  you  both  have  seeds  left,  the 


Tom  and  Sally  hold  up  their  heads  and  throw  their  shoulders  back 
as  they  get  ready  for  the  race. 

one  who  gets  to  the  tree  first  wins.  Is  that 
clear?" 

"Yes!"  shouted  Sally  and  Tom,  all  ready  to 
start. 

"Then  off  we  go!"  cried  Mr.  Wind. 

Sally   and  Tom   held   their   dandelions   behind 


STRAIGHT  BODIES  AND  STRONG  MUSCLES      51 

their  hands,  but  Mr.  Wind  managed  to  blow  all 
the  seeds  away  except  three  from  Sally's  dande- 
lion. 

"Sally  wins!"  called  Mr.  Wind.  "Well  done, 
my  dear."  Both  children  were  laughing  and  gasp- 
ing so  hard  that  they  could  hardly  speak.  "Now 
that  is  the  reason  why  you  should  always  ex- 
ercise your  muscles  out  of  doors,"  said  Mr. 
Wind. 

"What  is  the  reason?"  demanded  Tom,  when 
he  could  speak. 

"Why,  the  fact  that  you  and  Sally  had  to  breathe 
so  fast  after  running  hard.  When  your  muscles 
are  working  hard,  they  need  plenty  of  fresh 
air's  magic  gift  of  oxygen.  And  out  of  doors 
is  where  fresh  air  has  her  home. 

"Speaking  of  home,"  he  went  on,  "you  and 
Sally  must  walk  there  just  as  fast  as  you  can. 
My  Lord  the  Sun  is  going  down,  and  besides, 
after  exercising  so  hard,  you  must  keep  moving 
if  you  stay  out  of  doors.  I  will  walk  across  the 
meadow  with  you  as  far  as  the  apple  tree.  As 
we  go  along,  I  will  teach  you  the  second  law  and 
ask  you  questions  about  the  lesson.  This  is  the 
second  law  that  you  must  learn  if  you  wish  to 
become  citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health: 


52  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  must  hold  my  body  straight, 

Bold  and  fearless,  all  day  long. 

I  must  try,  in  work  and  play, 

To  make  my  muscles  firm  and  strong." 

These  are  the  questions  Mr.  Wind  asked: 

1.  Of  what  use  is  your  skeleton? 

2.  How  do  your  bones  move? 

3.  How  are  the  bones  held  in  place? 

4.  What  are  the  four  main  parts  of  the  body? 

5.  What  happens  if  you  let  your  muscles  get  lazy? 

6.  Why  must  you  hold  your  body  straight? 

7.  What  is  the  correct  way  to  stand? 

8.  Show  me  the  right  way  to  walk. 

9.  How  can  you  make  your  muscles  firm  and  strong? 

10.  Why  did  the  ancient  Greeks  have  strong,  beautiful 
bodies? 

11.  Why  should  you  exercise  out  of  doors? 

12.  What  kinds  of  exercise  do  you  like  best? 

13.  What  should  you  do  after  exercising  hard? 

14.  Repeat  the  first  and  second  laws  that  a  citizen  of  the 
Land  of  Health  must  obey. 

15.  Richard  walks  with  his  head  forward  and  his  shoulders 
bent.    He  says  he  wants  to  be  a  soldier  when  he  grows  up. 
Richard's  uncle  took  him  to  see  a  big  military  parade.    What 
do  you  suppose  he  wanted  Richard  to  notice? 

16.  Alice  and  Irene  made  a  daisy  chain.    Alice  sat  on  the 
steps  and  made  the  chain  while  Irene  ran  about  in  the  field 
and  picked  the  daisies.     Which  girl  was  getting  the  most 
out  of  her  playtime? 


CHAPTER  VI 
AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE 

"I  believe  it's  going  to  rain  to-night,"  said 
Tom,  opening  the  window  in  the  playroom  to 
let  in  some  fresh  air.  "The  sky  is  covered  with 
clouds  and  I  can't  see  a  single  star." 

"Open  the  window  a  little  more  please,"  tin- 
kled a  voice  on  the  roof.  "This  is  Madame  Rain. 
Dame  Nature  has  sent  me  to  teach  you  the  third 
lesson."  Tom  opened  the  window  wide,  and 
patter — patter,  Madame  Rain  slid  into  the  room. 

"I  think  I'll  sit  on  the  window  sill,"  she  said. 
"I  drip,  you  know,  and  your  mother  might  not 
like  that." 

Madame  Rain  was  very  pretty.  She  wore 
a  short  silvery  gray  dress,  and  her  arms  and  feet 
were  bare.  On  her  ankles  were  wreaths  of  violets 
and  daffodils.  "Now  I  know  why  rain  always 
smells  like  flowers,"  Sally  murmured  to  her- 
self. 

"The  third  law  of  the  Land  of  Health,"  began 
Madame  Rain,  "is  Drink  plenty  of  pure  water." 
She  shook  a  little  shower  from  her  finger  tips. 

53 


54  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"When  the  earth  needs  water,  I  bring  it  down 
from  the  clouds.  And  when  the  clouds  need 
water,  my  Lord  the  Sun  draws  it  up  for  them. 
As  the  earth  is  covered  with  almost  three 
times  as  much  water  as  land,  I'm  kept  fairly 
busy." 

"We  know  that,  Madame  Rain,"  said  Sally. 
"Of  course,  the  earth  needs  water  to  fill  all  the 
rivers  and  seas.  It's  in  geography.  But  why  do 
Tom  and  I  need  it?" 

"Ever  prick  your  finger?"  asked  Madame 
Rain. 

"Oh,  yes,"  said  Sally.  "I  did  it  this  morning 
in  school  when  we  were  having  the  sewing  lesson." 

"And  what  came  out?" 

"Blood,  of  course." 

"And  what  is  blood?" 

"Why— why,"  stammered  Sally,  "it's  just 
blood." 

Madame  Rain  smiled.  Then  she  wrinkled 
up  her  forehead.  "Blood,"  she  said,  as  if  she 
were  trying  very  hard  to  remember,  "is  mostly 
water.  It's  like  a  little  river  that  flows  through 
every  part  of  the  body.  However,  blood  is  not 
the  only  part  of  the  body  that  contains  water. 
How  much  do  you  weigh,  Tom?" 


AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE 


"Sixty  pounds/'  said  Tom  promptly.  He  had 
just  been  weighed  in  school  that  morning. 

"Then  about  forty -five  pounds  of  you  is  water," 
said  Madame  Rain,  laughing  at  the  astonish- 
ment on  both  the  children's  faces.  "The  body 


1 


Which  law  of  the  Land  of  Health  are  Tom  and  Sally  obeying  in 
this  picture? 

is  always  losing  water,"  she  went  on.  "On  a 
hot  day,  or  when  you  have  been  playing  very 
hard,  you  have  noticed,  haven't  you,  that  your 
skin  is  covered  with  fine  drops  of  water?" 

"Oh,  yes,"  said  Tom.  "That  is  perspiration, 
Mother  says." 

"Well,  your  body  is  always  losing  water  through 
the  skin,  even  when  you  can't  see  it.  You  lose 
water  through  your  lungs  too.  You  can  see  it 


56  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

in  the  air  that  you  breathe  out  on  a  cold  day. 
That  is  always  happening,  whether  you  actually 
see  the  water  or  not.  Another  way  you  lose  water 
is  through  the  kidneys. 

"As  the  body  is  made  up  mostly  of  water, 
and  as  you  are  losing  it  all  the  time,  you  can 
see  that  you  need  to  take  in  a  great  deal  or  you 
would  dry  up." 

"Like  Mother's  flowers,  when  it  didn't  rain 
for  two  weeks  last  summer,"  interrupted  Sally. 

"Just  so,"  nodded  Madame  Rain.  "Flowers 
and  trees,  indeed  all  living  things,  are  mostly 
water.  Human  beings  have  sometimes  man- 
aged to  live  without  food  for  a  month,  but  they 
can't  get  along  without  water  for  more  than 
five  days.  Some  of  the  foods  that  you  eat  con- 
tain a  great  deal  of  water,  but  the  amount  you 
get  in  that  way  is  not  enough.  You  should  drink 
at  least  four  glasses  of  water  a  day.  Now  I'm 
going  to  tell  you  a  story."  And  this  was  the 
story. 

After  Water  came  into  being  her  parents,  a 
powerful  king  and  queen,  invited  several  im- 
portant people  to  the  christening.  Each  one 
gave  Water  lovely  gifts  and  then  told  her  for- 
tune. Air  said  she  would  be  very  beautiful. 


AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE  57 

Earth  said  she  would  be  beloved.  And  so  it 
went.  But  as  usually  happens  on  such  occasions, 
one  great  person  had  not  been  invited  to  the 
christening  He  had  not  been  forgotten.  In 
fact,  he  had  been  left  out  for  a  very  good  reason. 
His  name  was  Fire.  Fire  is  a  genial,  kindly  per- 
son when  kept  in  his  place;  but  the  first  time 
he  saw  Water,  the  two  began  to  quarrel  and  spit 
at  each  other.  So  Fire  had  not  been  invited  to 
the  party. 

At  the  very  last  moment,  however,  he  came 
leaping  in,  very  red  and  angry  indeed.  He  stood 
directly  over  Water's  cradle  and  hissed:  "Now 
I  will  tell  your  fortune.  Forever  and  ever,  you 
will  spend  part  of  your  existence  in  the  dark- 
ness underground." 

Of  course,  all  the  guests  wept  and  made  a  great 
fuss.  They  stood  there  wondering  what  to  say, 
when  Dame  Nature  came  in.  She  didn't  seem 
at  all  worried. 

In  a  quiet  voice  she  said:  "There  is  nothing 
to  feel  bad  about.  In  fact,  it  was  I  who  decided 
that  water  should  spend  part  of  the  time  under- 
ground." She,  too,  went  over  and  stood  by 
Water's  cradle.  "You  have  a  great  future," 
she  said.  "All  life  everywhere  will  depend  upon 


58 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


you.  On  the  earth  you  will  fill  great  hollows 
and  cracks  in  the  ground  and  be  called  seas  and 
rivers.  You  will  become  part  of  the  bodies  of 
all  living  things.  When  men  start  to  build  new 
homes  or  new  cities,  when  they  go  out  to  seek 
adventure  in  peace  or  war,  the  first  thing  they 
will  think  about  is  Water.  For  they  cannot  live 
without  you. 

"When  you  are  brought  down  from  the  clouds 
by  Madame  Rain,  part  of  you,  it  is  true,   will 

sink  into  the  earth. 
You  will  trickle  down 
through  sand  and  grav- 
el until  you  reach  hard 
rock,  and  then  you  will 
flow  slowly  along  it  to- 
ward the  ocean  or  the 
bed  of  a  river  or  lake. 


Sometimes     you     will 

This  is  how  Dame  Nature  makes    bubble   up  through    the 

sand  or  gravel  to  make 

a  spring.  Or  perhaps  men  will  dig  down  through 
the  earth  until  they  reach  the  rock  over  which 
you  flow.  Then  you  will  rise  up  through  the 
hole  they  have  made  and  be  called  a  well. 

"The  part  of  you  that  doesn't  sink  into  the 


AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE  59 

earth  will  fall  into  brooks  and  lakes  and  rivers 
and  seas.  Ships  will  sail  upon  you  to  distant 
countries;  children  will  play  beside  you.  It  is 
true  that  you  will  be  beautiful  and  beloved. 

"You  will  be  taken  in  great  pipes  to  the  cities 
from  lakes  and  rivers,  or  from  places  where  you 
will  be  especially  stored  for  that  purpose.  When 
you  reach  the  cities,  you  will  be  carried  through 
smaller  pipes  into  the  houses  of  the  people. 

"I  am  sorry  to  say,  however,  that  you  can 
bring  harm  to  mankind.  When  you  come  down 
from  the  clouds,  you  will  always  be  pure  and 
clean.  But  on  the  earth  there  are  seeds  of  sick- 
ness, called  germs,  that  live  in  the  waste  from  the 
bodies  of  animals  and  human  beings.  Some- 
times people  are  careless  and  let  this  waste  mat- 
ter get  into  the  lakes,  rivers,  wells,  or  springs 
from  which  they  drink.  The  people  who  drink 
of  you  after  you  have  been  made  unclean  in  this 
way  are  likely  to  become  ill.  But  there  is  one 
way  in  which  they  can  get  rid  of  these  germs." 

Dame  Nature  paused  in  her  talk  and  looked 
at  Fire.  "You  meant  to  be  unkind  when  you 
foretold  that  Water  should  spend  part  of  the 
time  underground.  You  will  be  punished  by 
knowing  that  it  is  you  that  will  help  mankind 


60  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

keep  Water  pure  and  safe  to  drink.  No  germs 
can  live  in  boiling  water,  and  whenever  people 
are  not  sure  that  their  drinking  water  is  clean, 
they  will  heat  it  over  Fire  until  it  boils.  Then 
they  can  cool  it  and  it  will  be  perfectly  safe  to 
drink." 

When  Fire  heard  this,  he  looked  very  sulky, 
and  shortly  afterward  he  left  the  party.  All  the 
guests  were  made  happy  again  by  Dame  Na- 
ture's fortune-telling,  and  they  danced  until  their 
slippers  hopped  into  the  air.  Of  course,  every 
word  that  Dame  Nature  said  came  true,  as  it 
always  does. 

"I  think  I'll  get  a  drink,"  said  Tom  suddenly. 
Madame  Rain  threw  back  her  head  with  a  little 
tinkling  laugh.  "Hurry  up  then,"  she  said. 
"It's  almost  bedtime." 

Tom  ran  out  to  the  well  and  pumped  a  pitcher 
of  cool  water.  After  he  and  Sally  had  each  had 
a  drink,  Madame  Rain  taught  them  this  law 
about  drinking  water: 

Four  glasses  full  of  water 
I  must  drink  each  day; 

If  I'm  not  sure 

That  it  is  pure, 
I'll  boil  the  germs  away. 


AN  UNDERGROUND  TREASURE  61 

When  Tom  and  Sally  were  snug  in  their  beds, 
Madame  Rain  asked  them  these  questions  about 
the  lesson: 

1.  If  a  boy  weighs  sixty  pounds,  about  how  many  pounds 
are  made  up  of  water? 

2.  In  what  ways  does  your  body  lose  water? 

>3.  How  can  you  replace  the  water  that  the  body  loses? 
4.  I  know  a  little  girl  who  once  said  she  didn't  see  any 
use  in  drinking  plain  water.    What  would  you  say  to  her? 
You  might  begin  by  asking  her  if  she  has  noticed  how  plants 
look  when  they  are  thirsty. 

5.  Tell  the  travels  of  a  raindrop  from  the  time  it  leaves 
the  clouds  until  it  is  pumped  out  of  a  well. 

6.  In  what  ways  is  water  necessary  to  people  when  they 
build  houses? 

7.  How  does  water  reach  a  house  in  the  city? 

8.  What  does  fire  do  to  help  us? 

9.  What  do  we  mean  when  we  say  that  fire  is  all  right 
when  it  is  "kept  in  its  place?" 

10.  What  harm  does  fire  do?    What  is  generally  the  cause 
of  this  harm? 

11.  In  what  way  does  water  become  harmful  to  human 
beings? 

12.  How  can  you  make  certain  that  the  water  you  drink 
is  pure? 

13.  One  day  when  George  and  Harry  were  off  fishing, 
George  started  to  take  a  drink  from  the  brook.    Harry  told 
him  not  to.    What  reasons  could  Harry  give  for  not  drinking 
that  water? 


CHAPTER  VII 
KEEPING  CLEAN 

It  was  a  rainy  Saturday,  and  Sally  and  Tom 
were  spending  the  afternoon  playing  with  the  toy 
village.  Sally  had  a  dolls'  tea  set,  and  she  was 
having  a  make-believe  tea  for  the  farmer's  fam- 
ily. "I'm  going  to  ask  Mother  if  I  can  have 
a  real  tea  party,"  she  said  suddenly. 

She  ran  to  find  her  mother  and  soon  came 
back  with  pitchers  of  hot  water  and  milk,  a  bowl 
of  sugar,  and  some  small  square  pieces  of  bread 
and  butter.  She  made  "cambric  tea"  in  the 
dolls'  teapot  with  the  hot  water  and  milk. 

When  she  was  all  ready  to  begin,  with  the 
farmer's  family  sitting  in  the  doll  chairs,  a  little 
tapping  was  heard  at  the  window.  "Let  me  in — 
let  me  in,"  tinkled  a  voice  like  a  silver  bell. 

"It's  Madame  Rain,"  said  Sally.  "She  wants 
to  come  to  the  party." 

Tom,  who  was  repainting  the  red  roof  of  the 
farmhouse,  ran  to  open  the  window.  Just  as  he 
did  so,  a  sunbeam  fell  through  the  rain,  leaving 
a  long  trail  of  lovely  colors  behind  it.  "Oh, 

62 


KEEPING  CLEAN  63 

come  and  see  the  rainbow!"  he  shouted  to 
Sally. 

"You  might  look  at  me  first,"  said  the  tinkling 
voice.  "It's  not  at  all  polite  to  forget  your  guests." 

"I'm  sorry,"  apologized  Tom,  spying  Madame 
Rain  on  the  window  sill.  "I  didn't  see  you, 
until  now."  Indeed,  Madame  Rain  was  very 
tiny.  You  might  almost  have  put  her  into  a 
thimble.  And  she  was  wearing  a  different  dress. 
It  shimmered  and  changed  colors  like  the  rainbow 
that  still  glowed  in  the  sky. 

"I  thought  I'd  be  a  sunshower,  while  you  are 
having  tea,"  she  explained.  "It's  rather  un- 
comfortable sitting  here  on  the  window  sill."  She 
slipped  across  the  room  and  sat  on  one  of  the  doll 
cups  that  Sally  turned  upside  down  for  her.  Then 
with  her  feet  crossed  on  the  rim  of  the  saucer, 
she  demanded,  "All  ready  for  the  fourth  lesson?" 
Suddenly  she  broke  off  to  look  at  Sally's  hands 
that  were  busy  among  the  tea  things.  "I  hope," 
she  said  severely,  "that  you  and  Tom  washed 
your  hands  before  beginning  this  tea  party." 

The  children  blushed.  "Well,  no,  we  didn't," 
replied  Tom.  "We  always  do  before  regular 
meals,  because  Mother  makes  us.  But  why 
should  we,  Madame  Rain?" 


64 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


"I'll  tell  you  after  your  hands  are  clean," 
said  Madame  Rain,  whose  face  only  dimpled 
more  than  ever,  when  she  tried  to  look  stern. 
"You  see,"  she  said,  when  the  children  came 
back  with  their  hands  quite  clean,  "little  enemy 


This  is  what  Tom  and  Sally  do  to  keep  their  body  castles  clean 

and  neat.  • 

germs  that  cause  sickness  are  always  trying  to 
get  into  your  body.  If  you  touch  the  food  you 
eat  with  unclean  fingers,  these  germs  may  get 
into  your  mouth  and  may  make  you  sick.  So, 
to  be  citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health,  you  must 
always  wash  your  hands  before  meals. 

"You  must  never  eat  fruit  or  any  other  foods 
that  come  from  places  where  dust  and  dirt  are 


KEEPING  CLEAN  65 

allowed  to  settle  on  them,  unless  you  can  peel 
them  or  wash  the  dirt  off,  or  cook  the  food  to 
kill  the  germs." 

"I  know,"  said  Sally  wisely.  "Mother  always 
puts  all  the  food  away  before  she  sweeps,  and 
she  stopped  buying  things  from  Brown's  grocery, 
because  he  didn't  keep  his  food  covered." 

Madame  Rain  nodded.  "Your  mouth  is  the 
easiest  way  for  germs  to  get  into  the  body,  as 
that  is  the  main  entrance.  Mr.  Wind  told  you 
how  your  nose  catches  dust  particles  so  that  they 
won't  reach  the  lungs.  All  the  rest  of  your  body 
is  surrounded  by  a  wall  that  keeps  you  snug  and 
warm  and  protects  you  from  harm." 

Tom  looked  surprised.  "I  don't  see  any  wall," 
he  protested,  as  he  looked  down  at  himself. 

Sally  clapped  her  hands.  "I  guess!"  she  cried. 
"It's  the  skin,  isn't  it?" 

"Right!"  said  Madame  Rain.  "Each  one  of 
you  is  a  little  walking  castle.  You  have  two 
watch  towers— 

"Eyes!"  exploded  Tom. 

"And  two  listening  posts." 

"Ears! "cried  Sally. 

"And  a  gate  to  the  castle  which  you  can  open 
for  food  to  pass  through,  but  which  you  must 


66  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

close  at  the  approach  of  an  enemy.  Just  inside 
the  gate,  which  we  call  the  lips,  are  several  little 
white  millstones  to  grind  the  food  before  it  goes 
farther  into  the  castle.  In  the  courtyards,  which 
we  call  the  mouth  and  nose,  are  two  very  keen 
and  alert  watchmen,  named  Taste  and  Smell, 
who  examine  everything  that  comes  in,  to  see  if 
it  should  be  allowed  to  enter. 

"On  the  outside  wall  of  the  castle,  the  Touch 
watchmen  are  stationed  night  and  day.  If  the 
castle  is  attacked  by  anything  that  will  cause 
harm,  they  sound  the  alarm  by  making  you  feel 
pain.  They  know  when  things  are  hard  or  soft, 
rough  or  smooth,  cold  or  hot.  Indeed,  these 
watchmen  tell  you  a  great  many  things  about 
the  outside  world  that  you  would  never  know  if 
they  weren't  there. 

"  You  must  take  great  care  of  the  watch  towers 
and  the  listening  posts  of  your  body  castle.  Sight 
and  hearing  are  two  of  Dame  Nature's  most 
precious  gifts.  When  you  read  at  night,  the 
light  should  be  strong  and  clear  and  should  come 
over  your  left  shoulder.  Fine  print  is  hard  on 
your  eyes,  and  it  is  bad  for  them  if  you  read  too 
long  at  a  time.  One  more  thing  to  remember  is 
to  keep  your  eyes  clean.  Never  touch  them  with 


KEEPING  CLEAN  67 

a  soiled  handkerchief  or  towel  or  rub  them  with 
dirty  fingers. 

"You  can  take  care  of  your  ears  by  avoiding 
colds  and  by  keeping  everything  out  of  them 
except  a  clean  washcloth  every  morning.  The 
germs  from  a  cold  in  the  head  sometimes  run 
up  a  little  pathway  from  the  throat  to  the  ear. 
This  often  causes  earache,  and  deafness  might 
follow.  I  have  known  children,  too,  who  became 
deaf  as  a  result  of  poking  pencils  or  other  things 
into  their  ears." 

"I  had  an  earache  once,"  said  Tom.  "My, 
it  was  terrible!"  He  shivered  at  the  thought. 

"Well,  now  you  know  how  to  keep  from  getting 
another,"  replied  Madame  Rain.  She  smiled  at 
Tom  and  went  on  with  the  lesson.  "The  wall  of 
your  body  castle  is  filled  with  a  great  many  tiny 
pipes  that  have  their  opening  on  the  outside. 
Through  these  pipes  some  of  the  waste  matter  of 
the  body  is  poured  out.  Mr.  Wind  told  you  that 
the  air  takes  away  waste  from  the  blood  in  the 
little  rooms  called  lungs.  Another  way  the  blood 
gets  rid  of  waste  is  through  these  pipes  in  the 
castle  wall.  Most  of  this  waste,  which  we  call 
perspiration,  is  made  up  of  water. 

"On  a  hot  day,   or  when  the  body  becomes 


68 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


heated  by  exercise,  the  pipe  openings  become 
wider.  Then  so  much  perspiration  comes  out 
that  you  can  see  it  on  the  outside  of  the  skin.  This 
perspiration  bath  is  one  way  of  cooling  the  body. 


SWEAT 
GLAND 


HAIR, 


SCARF 
SKIN 


TRUE 
SKIN 


VEIN 


ARTERY 


This  shows  how  the  waste  matter  comes  out  through 
your  skin.  What  else  can  you  learn  from  the  pic- 
ture? It  gives  you  some  idea  of  what  could  be 
seen  in  the  skin  if  you  looked  through  a  magnify- 
ing glass. 

On  cold  days  the  pipe  openings  partly  close,  but 
the  waste  is  often  flowing  out,  even  though  you 
can't  see  it. 

"When  the  water  from  perspiration  dries  up, 
the  waste  matter  in  it  is  left  standing  on  the  skin. 
Unless  this  waste  matter  is  washed  off,  the  open- 
ings become  clogged,  and  the  skin  has  an  un- 


KEEPING  CLEAN  69 

pleasant  odor.  To  keep  the  skin  healthy  and 
clean,  you  should  take  a  full  bath  with  warm  water 
and  soap  at  least  twice  a  week.  As  your  face  and 
hands  are  always  gathering  dirt  and  dust,  they 
should  be  washed  before  every  meal.  In  the 
morning,  if  you  don't  take  a  full  bath,  you  should 
bathe  face,  arms,  neck,  and  chest  and  rub  them 
dry  with  a  rough  towel. 

"Finger  nails  and  toe  nails  are  a  part  of  your 
skin.  They  should  be  kept  clean  and  neatly  cut. 
Your  hair  is  the  roof  of  your  body  castle.  Always 
remember  to  brush  it  smooth  and  wash  it  at  least 
once  a  month.  Unless  you  do  all  this,  you  will 
look  like  an  abandoned  castle,  instead  of  one 
whose  owner  takes  great  pride  in  it. 

"Sometimes  a  breach  is  made  in  the  castle 
wall;  that  is,  the  skin  is  cut,  bruised,  or  burned. 
Then  the  enemy  germs  go  riding  through  in  tri- 
umph. But  the  body  is  ready  for  them.  In  the 
blood  there  are  special  little  warriors  trained  to 
throw  themselves  into  the  breach  and  fight  the 
germs.  You  can  help  these  warriors  very  much 
if  you  will  get  your  mother  or  father  to  wash 
the  cut  and  bind  it  up  with  clean  cloth.  Then 
no  more  germs  can  go  through,  for  the  chariots 
in  which  they  ride  are  dust  and  dirt. 


70 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


"However,  the  easiest  way  for  the  germs  to 
get  into  the  body  is  through  the  main  entrance, 
the  mouth.  It  is  necessary  to  keep  the  inside 


What  is  Sally  doing  to  defeat  the  enemy   germs   in 
this  picture? 

of  the  mouth  clean,  as  well  as  everything  that 
you  put  into  it. 

"Within  this  main  entrance  to  the  body  are 
the  white  millstones  that  grind  the  food.  These 
stones  are — " 

"The  teeth!"   cried   Sally  and  Tom   together. 

"Exactly!     Dame  Nature  is  generous,  for  she 


KEEPING  CLEAN 


71 


gives  you  two  sets  of  teeth.  The  first  set  began 
to  drop  out  when  you  were  six  years  old,  and  you 
will  have  your  new  set  of  twenty-eight,  when  you 
are  twelve.  When  Dame  Nature  thinks  that  you 
have  learned  to  take  care  of  the  twenty-eight, 
she  gives  you  four  more, 
to  make  the  full  set  of 
thirty-two. 

"Sally,  did  you  ever 
watch  your  mother  grind 
up  meat  to  make  sand- 
wiches for  your  school 

lunch  r  Is  this  a  picture  of  your  first 


set  of  upper  teeth  or  the 
second  set?  How  do  you 
know? 


"Oh,    yes,"    replied 
Sally. 

"What  does  she  do  first?" 

"She  cuts  the  meat  into  small  pieces  with  a 
sharp  knife.  Then  she  puts  them  through  the 
meat  chopper." 

"That  is  exactly  how  the  teeth  handle  the  food 
that  goes  into  your  mouth.  The  sharp  front  teeth 
bite  off  the  food,  and  the  flat-topped  back  ones 
grind  it  up.  But  what  happens  to  the  meat 
chopper  after  the  meat  is  ground?"  asked  Madame 
Rain  with  twinkling  eyes. 

"Little  pieces  of  meat  are  caught  in  it,  so  Mother 


72  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

washes  it  with  a  brush  and  puts  it  back  in  the 
closet." 

"The  same  thing  happens  to  your  teeth.  Little 
particles  of  food  are  caught  in  the  spaces  between 
the  teeth  after  eating.  If  this  food  is  left  there, 
it  decays,  and  a  harmful  substance  called  acid 
is  formed  in  it.  Now  the  teeth  are  surrounded 
by  a  little  white  wall,  called  enamel,  to  protect 
the  soft  inside,  just  as  your  body  is  surrounded 
by  the  skin.  The  acid  in  the  decayed  food  eats 
a  hole  through  the  enamel  wall,  and  then  all 
sorts  of  little  germs  can  walk  into  the  tooth. 
These  germs  cause  toothache,  and  sometimes 
they  destroy  the  tooth,  so  that  it  has  to  be  pulled 
out. 

"To  keep  your  teeth  clean  and  white  and  beau- 
tiful as  Dame  Nature  meant  them  to  be,  you  must 
clean  the  teeth  with  a  brush  after  eating,  just 
as  Mother  washes  the  meat  chopper  after  using 
it.  If  you  can't  clean  the  teeth  after  every  meal, 
they  must  always  be  brushed  night  and  morning. 
Citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  never  forget  to  do 
it.  Up  and  down,  and  round  and  round  like  this 


i 


KEEPING  CLEAN 


73 


is  the  best  way  to  get  out  all  the  little  food  par- 
ticles. 

"As  it  is  impossible  to  keep  all  germs  away  from 
the  teeth,  you  should  go  to  a  dentist  twice  a  year. 
A  dentist  is  a  man  who  has  studied  about  teeth 
for  a  long  time,  and  he  knows  just  how  to  fill  up 


Can  you  recite  the  law  of  the  Land  of  Health  that  Tom  and  Sally 
are  obeying  in  this  picture? 

the  little  holes  and  drive  the  germs  away  from  the 
inside  of  the  tooth." 

Madame  Rain  jumped  down  from  the  tea  cup. 
"I  see  that  my  Lord  the  Sun  is  calling  me  away," 
she  said.  "So  you  must  learn  the  fourth  law  of 
the  Land  of  Health  as  quickly  as  possible.  This 
is  it: 


74  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  must  give  the  best  of  care 
To  my  skin  and  to  my  hair; 
Twice  a  week  at  least,  I  know 
That  I  must  bathe  from  head  to  toe." 

"There  is  a  special  law  about  brushing  the 
teeth,"  added  Madame  Rain.  "When  you  say 
it,  you  must  make  the  motions  of  brushing  your 
teeth  with  your  forefinger.  Repeat  it  after  me, 
please,  and  both  of  you  make  your  fingers  go  up 
down  and  round  and  round  as  I  do."  So  she 
stood  up  in  front  of  the  children  and  taught 
them  this  tooth-brushing  law  and  the  motions 
that  go  with  it: 

Up  and  down, 
And  round  and  round, 
I  brush  my  teeth, 
To  keep  them  sound. 
To  keep  them  sound 
And  clean  and  white, 
I  brush  them  morning, 
Noon,  and  night. 

When  Tom  and  Sally  knew  the  fourth  and  fifth 
laws  perfectly,  Madame  Rain  flew  to  the  window. 
"I'll  ask  you  questions  about  the  lesson  on  the 
next  rainy  day,"  she  said,  as  she  slipped  over  the 
sill. 


KEEPING  CLEAN  75 

Here  are  the  questions  Madame  Rain  asked: 

1.  Why  should  you  wash  your  hands  before  going  to  the 
table? 

2.  Barbara's  mother  bought  some  big  red  apples  at  the 
fruit  stand  on  the  corner.    When  she  gave  the  bag  to  Barbara, 
she  said,  "You  mustn't  eat  any  until  we  get  home."     Why 
did  she  say  this? 

3.  What  is  the  main  entrance  to  your  body  and  why  must 
it  be  guarded? 

4.  What  does  the  skin  do  for  the  body? 

5.  Tell  about  the  gate  and  the  courtyards  of  the  body 
castle. 

6.  Who  are  the  watchmen? 

7.  What  do  Taste  and  Smell  do  for  us? 

8.  What  does  Touch  do  for  us? 

9.  One  dark  rainy  afternoon  I  looked  in  at  the  window  of  a 
house  not  very,  far  away.     In  front  of  the  fire  a  boy  and 
girl  were  reading.    The  boy  said,  "We  need  a  light,"  but 
his  sister  said,  "Oh,  no,  we  don't.     It's  only  four  o'clock." 
Which  one  do  you  think  was  right?    Explain  why. 

10.  What  is  perspiration? 

^_11.  What  must  you  do  to  take  care  of  your  skin? 

12.  What  must  you  do  when  the  skin  is  cut  or  bruised? 
..  13.  How  do  your  hair  and  finger  nails  show  whether  you 
take  pride  in  your  body  castle? 

14.  Of  what  use  are  your  teeth? 

15.  Why  must  you  clean  your  teeth? 

16.  How  does  the  dentist  help  you  in  taking  care  of  your 
teeth? 

17.  A  little  girl  once  said,  "The  dentist  hurts  more  than  a 
toothache  does."     Was  she  right  or  wrong?    Explain  your 
answer. 


CHAPTER  VIII 
WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF 

Sally  and  Tom  sat  on  the  floor  in  front  of  the 
playroom  fire  roasting  chestnuts.  It  was  great 
fun.  Tom  put  the  chestnuts  on  the  fire  shovel 
and  held  them  over  the  coals.  Then  pop!  they 
flew  out  into  the  room  and  Sally  picked  them  up. 
There  was  one  especially  large  chestnut  that  took 
a  long  time  to  roast.  Suddenly  it  gave  a  tre- 
mendous pop  and  flew  into  Sally's  lap.  Out  of 
the  crack,  in  its  side  stepped  a  red-faced  little 
man  in  a  cook's  apron,  who  began  dusting  him- 
self all  over  with  his  cap.  "I  say,"  he  began, 
"that  was  no  way  to  treat  a  fellow." 

"I'm  sorry,  Sir  Food,"  apologized  Tom.  "We 
had  no  idea  you  were  in  that  chestnut." 

"I  wasn't,"  interrupted  Sir  Food,  "but  that's 
neither  here  nor  there.  Dame  Nature  tells  me 
I  am  to  give  you  children  lessons  about  food. 
I  can't  do  it  here,"  he  went  on,  looking  about 
him.  "No  facilities!" 

"Please,  Sir  Food,  what  are  facilities?"  asked 
Sally. 

76 


WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF 


77 


''That  is  neither  here  nor  there,"  said  Sir  Food, 
who  didn't  know  in  the  least  what  they  were 
himself.  "Whenever  I  say  words  that  you  don't 


Sir  Food  makes  a  speech  about  food.     Do  you  know  what  he  is 

saying? 

understand,  ask  Professor  Dictionary  about  them. 
And  never  interrupt,"  he  ended  severely. 

Sally  and  Tom  looked  frightened.  Sir  Food 
seemed  to  be  a  peppery  little  man. 

"There,  there,"  he  went  on  kindly.  "I'm 
hot-tempered,  but  I  don't  mean  a  thing  by  it, 
not  a  thing."  He  climbed  down  from  Sally's 
knee  and  strolled  over  to  the  fireplace.  Putting 
his  hand  deep  into  his  pocket,  he  pulled  out  some- 


78  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

thing  which  he  threw  into  the  fire.  Pop!  the 
grate  and  the  coals  flew  up  the  chimney. 

There  in  the  same  spot  appeared  a  cunning 
little  kitchen.  A  shiny  black  cook  stove  stood 
against  the  rear  wall,  and  on  either  side  hung 
gleaming  pans  and  kettles.  A  row  of  bins  could 
be  seen  against  the  wall  on  the  right,  and  on  the 
left  wall  a  sink  with  bright  silver  faucets  stood 
next  to  a  closet  door.  There  was  a  long  white 
table  in  the  center  of  the  room. 

"It's  the  tidiest  little  kitchen  I've  ever  seen," 
whispered  Sally,  almost  as  if  she  were  afraid  to 
speak  for  fear  it  would  disappear. 

"Well,"  said  Sir  Food  sharply,  "it  has  to  be. 
Who  ever  heard  of  a  kitchen  in  the  Land  of  Health 
that  wasn't  clean  and  tidy?"  He  began  to  strut 
importantly  up  and  down  on  the  hearthstone  in 
front  of  the  kitchen.  Then  he  cleared  his  throat 
and  began:  "Without  food,  nothing  can  live. 
If  you  forget  to  put  fresh  coal  on  the  fire,  it  goes 
out.  If  you  give  the  body  no  food,  it  dies.  Be- 
sides keeping  the  body  alive,  food  does  three 
things:  it  gives  the  body  power  to  move,  it  keeps 
it  warm,  and  it  makes  it  grow." 

Sir  Food  stopped  striding  up  and  down  and 
mopped  his  forehead.  "That's  over,"  he  said 


WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF  79 

with  a  sigh  of  relief.  "I  always  hate  making 
speeches.  But  what  I've  told  you  is  very  im- 
portant. Never  forget  it,"  he  ended,  drawing 
his  eyebrows  down  to  make  himself  look  fierce, 
and  not  succeeding  at  all. 

"Now   I'm   going   to   show  you   how   I   make 
food,"   he   continued,  walking   over   to  the   bins 


. 


STARCH      SUGAR          FAT 


PROTEIN 


SALTS       SEASONING 


Sir  Food  kept  in  bins  the  substances   out   of  which  foods 
are  made. 

standing  against  the  right  wall  of  the  kitchen. 
"In  these  bins  I  keep  the  substances  out  of  which 
I  make  food.  In  this  one,"  he  went  on,  opening 
the  bin  nearest  the  back  wall,  "is  starch,  in  the 
next  is  sugar,  and  in  the  next  fat.  These  three 
things  keep  the  body  warm  and  give  it  the  power 
to  move.  The  body  burns  them  up  to  make 
heat  and  moving  power,  just  as  the  steam  engine 
burns  coal  to  make  itself  go. 

"In  this  next  bin  is  the  substance  that  makes 
the  living  stuff  of  your  body  grow.  It  is  called 
protein.  In  the  fifth  bin  I  keep  my  salts.  There 
are  several  different  kinds.  The  one  I  call  lime 


80  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

helps  build  your  bones.  Without  it,  your  skeleton 
would  be  soft  and  flabby. 

"Now  in  this  last  bin,"  went  on  Sir  Food  mys- 
teriously, as  he  lifted  the  lid,  "is  my  magic  sea- 
soning. Without  it,  people  would  become  sick. 
Would  you  like  to  have  me  make  some  foods  for 
you?" 

"Oh,  yes,  please  do,"  begged  the  children. 

Sir  Food  went  over  to  the  sink  and  washed 
his  hands.  Then  he  dried  them  on  a  clean  towel. 
"The  very  first  thing  I  do  when  I  start  to  make 
food  is  to  wash  my  hands.  If  you  wish  to  be 
citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health,  you  must  see  that 
every  one  keeps  clean  who  handles  the  food  that 
you  and  other  people  eat.  Madame  Rain  told 
you  why,  didn't  she?" 

The  children  nodded. 

"Very  well;  now  the  first  food  that  I'll  make  for 
you  is  milk.  Milk  is  the  best  food  there  is  for 
children."  Sir  Food  opened  a  closet  in  the  left 
wall  and  took  out  several  measuring  glasses.  "I 
use  these  because  I  have  to  be  very  careful  of  the 
different  amounts,"  he  explained.  "These  glasses 
are  measured  off  in  one  hundred  equal  parts,  and 
each  part  is  numbered  from  one  to  one  hundred. 
When  the  glass  is  full,  I  know  the  food  is  done. 


WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF 


81 


First  I'll  put  water  into  this  glass  until  it  reaches 
number  eighty-seven.  Now  I  put  in  five  parts 
of  sugar,  and  four  parts  of  fat  to  keep  you  warm 
and  active,  and  a  little  over  three  parts  of  protein 


—WATER 


PROTEIN 
SUGAR 


SALTS 
This  is  what  milk  is  made  of. 

or  growing  material;  next  I  add  a  good  pinch  of 
lime  and  other  salts  for  your  bones  and  teeth.  The 
glass  is  just  about  full,  but  not  quite,  so  I  sprinkle 
in  a  little  magic  seasoning.  I  stir  it  around  and 
presto  !  there  you  have  milk. 

"You  see  milk  contains  a  little  of  everything 
in  just  the  right  amounts  to  keep  you  warm,  to 
help  you  work  and  play,  and  to  make  you  grow. 
The  body  needs  a  great  deal  of  water,  as  Ma- 
dame Rain  told  you,  and  so  I  put  plenty  into 
milk.  Indeed,  it  is  the  best  food  in  all  the  wide 


82 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


world  for  boys  and  girls  who  want  to  grow  and 
to  work  and  play  hard.  So  drink  at  least  a  pint 
a  day,  and  more  if  you  can. 

"The  next  food  I'll  make  is  oatmeal.  Ah, 
that's  a  fine  food !  Just  wait  and  see.  First  I  put 
in  water,  and  then  over  sixty-six  parts  of  sugar 
and  starch.  Just  think  how  warm  that  is  going 

to  keep  you  on  winter 
mornings.  I  put  in  about 
seven  parts  of  fat  and 
over  sixteen  parts  of  grow- 
ing material.  Then  I 
sprinkle  in  quite  a  bit 
from  the  bin  of  salts. 
There  you  are!"  exclaimed 
Sir  Food,  turning  out  oat- 
meal into  a  nice  big 
saucer.  "Now  put  milk 
and  sugar  on  that,  and 


\7ATER 


-*-  PROTEIN 


—    SUGAR 


AND 

OTHER   SALTS 


This  is  what  carrots  are 
made  of. 


you  couldn't  find  a  better  food  for  breakfast,  to 
keep  you  healthy  and  happy  all  day  long. 

"Now  I'll  make  you  a  carrot."  Sally  puckered 
up  her  nose.  "You  don't  like  carrots,  eh?  Well, 
you  should.  Carrots,  indeed  almost  all  vege- 
tables, are  good  for  children,  because  the  magic 
seasoning  and  salts  in  them  are  especially  fine. 


WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF  83 

You  couldn't  possibly  get  along  without  them. 
To  make  a  carrot,  I  put  in  water  and  sugar, 
and  a  sprinkling  of  all  the  other  things.  But 
the  quality  of  the  salts  and  the  seasoning  is  the 
main  thing.  Here  is  a  yellow  mold.  Into  it  I 
pour  the  contents  of  the  glass,  and  behold!  you 
have  a  carrot. 

"An  egg  is  a  very  good  food  too.  About  three 
quarters  of  it  is  water,  and  the  rest  is  fat  and  pro- 
tein. There  is  no  sugar  or  starch  at  all  in  an  egg," 


Are  the  foods  in  this  picture  growing  or  energy  foods? 

Sir  Food  went  on.     "I  make  meat  in  much  the 
same  way  as  eggs. 

"Almost  all  the  foods  can  be  divided  into  two 
classes.  One  class  contains  foods  in  which  there 
are  large  amounts  of  sugar,  starch,  and  fat;  they 
are  called  energy  foods.  That  is,  they  give  the 
body  fuel  to  burn,  so  that  it  can  keep  warm  and 
have  the  power  to  move.  The  other  class  contains 
foods  in  which  there  is  plenty  of  protein,  and  these 
are  called  growing  foods. 


84  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"Sugar,  cereals,  potatoes,  and  butter  are  a 
few  of  the  energy  foods.  Some  growing  foods  are 
cheese,  meat,  eggs,  peas,  and  beans.  Milk  is 
both  an  energy  food  and  a  growing  food.  You 
should  eat  some  of  each  kind  of  food  every  day 
to  be  healthy  and  strong." 


What  do  the  foods  in  this  picture  do  for  your  body? 

"  It  takes  a  great  deal  of  care  and  thought  to 
plan  meals  that  will  keep  your  body  at  its  best. 
I  will  give  you  a  list  of  things  to  eat  for  break- 
fast, dinner,  and  supper  for  two  days,  as  an  ex- 
ample. Here  it  is: 

"  1.  For  breakfast,  a  dish  of  hominy  with  milk, 
a  baked  apple,  brown  bread  and  butter,  and  a 
glass  of  milk.  For  dinner,  one  slice  of  broiled 
bacon,  poached  egg  and  spinach,  fresh  green 
peas  or  beans,  bread  and  butter,  and  rice  pud- 
ding. For  supper,  cream  of  tomato  soup,  a  baked 
potato  with  plenty  of  butter,  ginger  cookies,  and 
a  glass  of  milk. 

"2.  For  breakfast,  a  dish  of  oatmeal  with  milk, 


WHAT  FOODS  ARE  MADE  OF  85 

stewed  prunes,  bread  and  butter,  and  a  glass  of 
milk.  For  dinner,  lamb  stew  with  vegetables,  a 
boiled  potato,  bread  and  butter,  a  cup  of  cocoa  (half 
milk),  and  custard.  For  supper,  rice  and  milk,  a 
baked  banana,  fruit  cookies,  and  bread  and  butter." 

Sir  Food  took  the  measuring  glasses  that  he 
had  used  in  making  foods  over  to  the  sink  and 
washed  them  carefully  in  running  hot  water. 
"Always  wash  in  clean  hot  water  the  dishes 
you  use  in  cooking  and  in  eating,"  he  said,  "and 
wipe  them  on  a  clean  towel.  The  germs  are 
always  trying  to  get  into  your  mouth,  because 
they  can  harm  you  only  when  they  are  on  the 
inside.  So  never  forget  the  rules  of  cleanliness. 

"Attention,  please!  Now  let  me  see  if  you  can 
answer  a  few  questions.  " 

These  are  the  questions  Sir  Food  asked: 

1.  If  you  had  a  little  house  all  your  own,  what  would  you 
be  most  careful  about  in  your  kitchen? 

2.  What  does  food  do  for  the  body? 

3.  Out  of  what  substances  are  foods  made? 

4.  Which  food  substances  keep  the  body  warm?     Name 
some  things  you  eat  that  are  in  this  class  of  foods. 

5.  Which  food  substances  give  the  body  the  power  to 
move?    What  have  you  eaten  to-day  that  is  in  this  class  of 
foods? 

6.  What  food  substances  make  the  body  grow?     Name 
some  growing  foods  that  you  like. 


86  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

7.  Make  a  rule  that  should  be  followed  by  every  person 
who  handles  food. 

8.  Why  is  milk  the  best  food  there  is  for  children? 

9.  When  Frank  had  dinner  with  his  uncle  in  a  city  res- 
taurant, Uncle  Fred  said  he  might  choose  anything  he  wanted 
from  the  menu  card.    Frank  decided  to  have  roast  beef,  lima 
beans,  peas,  and  a  custard  made  with  eggs.     Do  you  think 
Frank's  choice  was  wise  or  foolish?     Explain  your  answer. 

10.  What  would  you  order  if  your  uncle  took  you  to  a 
restaurant  for  dinner? 

11.  Write  a  list  of  things  that  you  think  would  make  a 
good  breakfast  for  a  citizen  of  the  Land  of  Health. 


CHAPTER  IX 
AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE 

The  snow  had  come  at  last.  For  over  a  week, 
every  time  the  sky  looked  gray,  Sally  and  Tom 
had  watched  for  the  first  snowflakes;  and  now 
they  had  come,  on  tiptoe  in  the  night.  The  whole 
world  was  tucked  under  its  white  winter  blanket 
by  morning.  Sally  and  Tom  could  hardly  wait 
to  be  bundled  into  warm  coats  and  caps  so  that 
they  could  go  out  to  find  their  playmates  and 
romp  in  the  snow.  Fortunately  it  was  Saturday, 
and  they  had  the  whole  long  day  to  play. 

However,  it  started  to  snow  hard  again  in  the 
afternoon,  so  the  children  came  in  to  play  by  the 
fire.  Mother  made  them  take  off  their  wet  clothes 
and  put  on  dry  ones.  'You  see,"  she  explained, 
"when  your  clothes  are  wet,  the  warmth  of  your 
body  runs  away  very  quickly,  and  then  you 
take  cold." 

When  the  children  were  snug  and  dry  by  the 
fire,  they  heard  a  funny  little  crackling  noise 
in  the  chimney,  and  Sir  Food  stepped  out  on  the 
hearthstone.  He  seemed  pleased  to  see  the  chil- 

87 


88 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


dren's  cheeks  so  rosy,  and  their  eyes  so  bright 
and  sparkling.  "That's  right,"  he  said,  rub- 
bing his  hands.  "The  more  you  play  out  of 
doors,  the  bigger  your  appetites  will  be.  Be  sure 


Why  are  Tom  and  Sally  changing  their  clothes? 

you  eat  the  right  foods  though!"  he  ended  ex- 
plosively. Sir  Food  went  off  exactly  like  a  fire- 
cracker sometimes,  but  the  children  had  learned 
that  he  didn't  mean  anything  by  it. 

"Please  won't  you  tell  us  a  story?"  asked 
Sally  coaxingly.  "You  never  have,  you  know." 

"Well,    well,"    sighed    Sir    Food,    "I    suppose 


AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE  89 

I  must,  but  it  will  be  about  the  lesson.  That's 
what  I've  come  for.  To-day  you  must  learn  the 
sixth  and  seventh  laws  of  the  Land  of  Health. 

"Once  upon  a  time  a  beautiful  princess  lived 
in  an  enchanted  castle.  The  enchantment  caused 
the  castle  to  be  kept  warm  inside,  to  grow  larger 
as  the  princess  grew,  and  to  move  about  with 
her.  Whenever  the  princess  wanted  to  go  any- 
where, she  took  the  castle  along.  This  was  a 
great  convenience,  as  the  princess  never  had 
to  worry  about  not  having  a  castle  to  be  enter- 
tained in.  It's  not  at  all  worth  the  trouble  of 
being  a  princess,  I  assure  you,  unless  you  can 
count  on  having  a  castle. 

"Now  this  princess  had  a  great  many  serv- 
ants. One  of  the  most  important  was  the  steward. 
He  was  given  charge  of  keeping  the  enchantment 
working.  Ah!  ha!  You  thought  enchantments 
kept  right  on  working  without  any  help,  didn't 
you?  But  there  you  are  wrong.  You  have  to 
keep  at  them  night  and  day.  I  know! 

"In  the  workrooms  of  the  castle,  the  steward 
took  the  building  blocks  and  the  coal  that  the 
princess  supplied,  and  with  his  magic  tools  he 
trimmed  the  building  blocks  until  they  were  the 
right  shape,  and  he  broke  up  the  coal  until  it 


90  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

was  the  right  size.  Then  he  took  them  out  on  a 
long  wharf  and  dumped  them  into  the  castle 
moat. 

"A  moat  is  a  ditch  containing  water  around 
the  outside  of  a  castle,  but  the  moat  of  this  castle 
was  on  the  inside.  A  little  engine  kept  the  water 
in  the  moat  moving  around  so  that  it  could  carry 
the  building  blocks  and  the  coal  wherever  they 
were  needed." 

At  this  point  in  the  story,  Sally  looked  as  if 
she  might  burst  if  she  had  to  keep  still  any  longer. 
So  Sir  Food  stopped  and  asked  her  if  she  liked 
it. 

"It's  really  a  riddle,  isn't  it?"  demanded  Sally, 
not  answering  his  question.  "And  we  have  to 
guess  it.  I  guess  that  the  castle  is  the  body." 

"Right,"  said  Sir  Food,  "and  you  are  the 
princess." 

"The  building  blocks  and  the  coal  are  differ- 
ent kinds  of  food,"  cried  Tom,  not  liking  to  be 
left  out.  "But  who  is  the  steward,  Sir  Food?" 

"The  steward  is  named  Mr.  Digestion.  When 
the  food  comes  into  the  mouth,  he  takes  his  first 
set  of  tools,  the  white  millstones  called  teeth, 
and  grinds  the  food  into  a  soft  mass.  He  mixes 
it  with  a  juice  called  saliva,  and  then  he  takes 


AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE 


91 


it  down  a  long  hall  into  a  workroom  named  the 
stomach.  There  he  pours  more  juices  into  it 
and  shakes  it  around  until 
the  food  is  almost  ready 
for  use  in  the  body. 

"Then  Mr.  Digestion 
squeezes  it  out  of  the 
stomach  through  a  narrow 
door  to  a  long  wharf. 
This  wharf  is  the  small 
intestine.  A  few  more 
juices  are  mixed  in  it  there, 
and  then  it  is  thrown  into 
the  castle  moat.  Now  the 
castle  moat  that  I've  been 
talking  about  is  made  up 

of  the   blood  vessels   of  the  This  shows  the  route   that 
i      j          mi_  .1  i  f°°d    must    follow   before 

body.    These  are  the  tubes     the  blood  carries  it  all 

through     which     the     blood       over  the  body. 

flows.  The  blood  carries  the  food  all  over  the 
body.  It  is  kept  in  motion  by  the  little  engine 
pump  called  the  heart. 

"From  my  first  lesson,  you  know  that  some  of 
the  foods  make  the  muscles  and  bones  grow;  they 
are  the  building  blocks.  Some  feed  the  fire  that 
\eeps  the  body  warm  and  gives  it  the  power  to 


92  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

move;  they  are  the  coals.  That  is  the  way,  my 
dears,  that  Mr.  Digestion  keeps  the  enchantment 
of  the  castle  working. 

"But  I  haven't  finished  my  story  yet,  by  any 
means,"  continued  Sir  Food.  "If  you  have  ever 
watched  masons  chipping  stone,  you  know  that 
little  pieces  fly  off  that  aren't  of  any  use.  In 
coal  there  are  often  small  pieces  of  slate  or  other 
stones  that  won't  burn.  Food  also  contains  some 
waste  matter.  So  Mr.  Digestion  hustles  the  bits 
of  food  that  can't  be  used  along  the  wharf  and 
pushes  them  down  a  waste  pipe,  called  the  large 
intestine.  There  they  stay  until  they  leave  the 
body  altogether. 

"We  call  food  that  Mr.  Digestion  doesn't 
use  undigested  food.  Undigested  food  in  the 
intestines,  or  bowels  as  they  are  usually  called, 
decays  and  forms  harmful  substances.  That  is 
the  reason  why  you  should  get  rid  of  the  waste 
matter  every  morning.  If  you  don't  do  this, 
the  blood  carries  the  harmful  substances  from  the 
decayed  food  all  over  the  body.  Then  you  feel 
tired  and  sleepy  in  the  morning.  Your  head 
aches,  and  sometimes,  I  regret  to  say,  you  are 
very  cross.  The  harmful  substances  that  cause 
all  this  trouble  are  poisons. 


AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE  93 

"Long  years  ago  real  princes  and  princesses 
used  to  have  pages  taste  their  food  before  they 
ate  it.  This  was  done  because  they  had  many 
enemies,  and  sometimes  the  enemies  tried  to 
poison  their  food.  The  pages  were  learning  to 
be  knights,  and  by  protecting  the  lives  of  their 
masters  they  showed  their  bravery. 

"The  princes  and  princesses  that  live  in  the 
castle  of  the  body  have  pages  too.  You  would 
never  guess  who  they  are.  These  pages  are  little 
pains.  You  never  thought  of  pains  as  friends, 
did  you?  But  just  think  a  minute.  If  your 
finger  didn't  hurt  when  you  put  it  on  a  hot  stove, 
you  might  keep  it  there  until  it  was  badly  burned. 
If  the  pages  didn't  give  you  headaches  and 
stomach  aches,  you  might  let  the  decayed  food 
stay  in  your  body  until  you  became  very  sick. 
Indeed,  these  pages  tell  you  very  quickly  if  there 
are  any  poisons  in  the  castle. 

"Clean,  pure  food  never  brings  poisons  into 
the  body;  and  if  undigested  food  doesn't  have  a 
chance  to  decay  in  the  intestines,  no  poisons  are 
formed.  But  there  are  some  enemies  that  make 
believe  they  are  friendly  foods  and  bring  poisons 
into  the  body  with  them.  These  enemies  seem 
very  pleasant  at  first.  They  make  the  body  feel 


94  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

warm  and  strong  for  a  while,  but  soon  you  are 
told  by  the  pain  pages  that  they  are  poisons. 
These  enemies  are  tea,  coffee,  and  alcohol.  They 
are  what  grown-up  people  call  stimulants. 

"Stimulants  have  the  same  effect  on  the  body 
that  kerosene  has  on  fire.     Kerosene  makes  the 


When   you  drink   tea   or  coffee,   the   pain   pages    tell 
you  they  are  poisons. 

fire  very  hot  for  a  moment,  but  it  quickly  dies 
down.  Sometimes  grown-up  people  use  stimu- 
lants, like  tea  or  coffee,  to  make  their  body  fires 
burn  brighter  for  a  little  while.  But  the  fires 
in  children's  bodies  are  always  bright  and  never 
need  stimulants.  Besides,  the  poisons  in  tea 
and  coffee  are  much  more  harmful  for  children 
than  for  grown-ups. 


AN  ENCHANTED  CASTLE  95 

"In  drinks  that  contain  alcohol,  such  as  beer 
and  wine,  the  poisons  are  stronger  than  in  tea 
or  coffee.  They  should  never  be  used  by  children 
or  grown-up  people  either. 

"When  children  drink  tea  or  coffee,  the  pages 
give  them  all  sorts  of  little  aches.  Their  hearts 
beat  too  fast  and  their  hands  tremble.  Then 
they  can't  run  races  or  play  games  as  well  as  other 
children.  They  are  often  dull  at  their  lessons 
too. 

"Some  children  pay  no  attention  to  the  little 
pain  pages,  because  they  like  the  taste  of  coffee 
or  tea  and  the  pleasant  feeling  it  gives  them  for  a 
little  while.  But  pleasures  that  last  for  a  few 
minutes  aren't  worth  so  much  as  clear  brains  and 
steady  hands,  are  they? 

"Citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  give  their  bodies 
clean,  pure  foods  to  make  them  grow  and  to  keep 
their  fires  burning  steadily  and  clearly.  They 
never  let  in  the  enemies,  tea,  coffee,  and  alcohol, 
who  wear  smiles  on  their  lips  and  evil  in  their 
hearts. 

"It's  almost  time  for  you  to  get  ready  for  supper 
now,  so  we  will  end  the  lesson  by  learning  the 
sixth  and  seventh  laws  of  the  Land  of  Health." 

This  is  the  sixth  law 


96  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Every  day  I  must  take  pride 
In  cleaning  out  myself  inside. 

When  Sally  and  Tom  knew  the  sixth  law  per- 
fectly, they  learned  this  one: 

*  Coffee,  alcohol,  and  tea, 
I  know  are  very  bad  for  me. 

These  are  the    questions  that  Sir  Food  asked 
the  children  about  his  second  lesson: 

1.  What  happens  to  food  in  the  mouth? 

2.  What  do  you  think  would  happen  if  you  swallowed 
food  without  giving  the  teeth  a  chance  to  do  their  work? 
Do  you  sometimes  do  this? 

3.  After  you  swallow  the  food,  where  does  it  go? 

4.  What  is  done  to  make  this  food  ready  for  use  in  the 
body? 

5.  After  it  is  ready  for  use,  how  does  the  food  reach  the 
different  parts  of  the  body? 

6.  What  is  the  work  of  the  heart? 

7.  Can  all  the  food  that  we  eat  be  used  by  the  body? 

8.  What  does  Mr.   Digestion  do  with  the  material  he 
can't  use? 

9.  Why  should  waste  matter  be  cleared  out  of  the  body 
each  morning? 

10.  Why  are  the  little  pains  in  the  body  our  good  friends? 

11.  What  are  some  of  the  food  enemies  that  a  citizen  of 
the  Land  of  Health  will  avoid? 

12.  What  can  these  enemies  do  to  harm  us? 

13.  Jack  and  Harold  were  the  fastest  runners  in  the  class. 
Harold  began  drinking  coffee  and  had  a  cup  of  it  every 
morning  for  breakfast.     Which  boy  do  you  think  won  the 
boys'  race  at  the  class  picnic  in  June?    Give  your  reasons. 


CHAPTER  X 
TRAINING   MR.   TASTER 

Sally  and  Tom  were  in  the  kitchen  making 
molasses  candy.  After  it  was  cooked,  Tom  set 
the  pans  of  hot  candy  in  the  snow  to  harden. 
Then  he  and  Sally  scraped  out  all  that  was  left 
in  the  kettle  and  licked  it  from  their  spoons  with 
great  enjoyment.  When  the  kettle  was  quite 
empty,  who  should  jump  out  of  the  bottom  and 
perch  himself  on  the  rim  but  Sir  Food ! 

"Now  that  candy  is  all  right,"  he  approved. 
"Not  a  thing  in  it  but  pure  sugar  and  butter 
and  molasses.  What  I  object  to  is  this  painted 
candy  full  of  impure,  make-believe  sugar  that 
children  seem  so  fond  of  buying.  But  you  mustn't 
eat  too  much  candy,  even  if  it  is  pure,"  he  ended, 
shaking  his  finger  at  them. 

"We  know,"  said  Sally.  "Mother  won't  let 
us  buy  any  candy  at  all,  but  she  lets  us  make 
it.  Then  we  eat  it  after  meals.  She  told  us 
to-night  just  to  eat  the  scrapings  out  of  the 
kettle." 

"That's  right,"  nodded  Sir  Food. 

97 


98  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  don't  see  why,"  Tom  broke  in.  "I  just 
love  candy." 

"Well,"  said  Sir  Food  good-naturedly,  "you 
remember  the  story  of  the  three  little  pigs  who 
went  out  to  seek  their  fortunes.  One  met  a  man 
with  a  load  of  straw.  He  begged  for  the  straw 
to  build  himself  a  house;  but  when  he  had  the 
house  finished,  a  wolf  came  along,  and  he  huffed 
and  he  puffed  and  he  blew  the  straw  house  down. 

"The  same  thing  happened  to  the  next  little 
pig,  who  built  his  house  of  sticks.  The  last  little 
pig  built  his  house  of  brick,  and  the  wolf  couldn't 
blow  it  down,  no  matter  how  hard  he  huffed  and 
puffed. 

"Now  when  you  eat  too  many  sweets,  you 
lose  your  appetite  for  other  foods,  and  then  you 
are  like  the  little  pigs  who  built  their  houses  of 
straw  and  sticks.  You  couldn't  build  a  strong 
body  out  of  candy  and  cake  and  pie,  I  assure 
you.  But  bodies  that  are  built  with  the  help 
of  brown  bread  and  butter  and  milk  and  oatmeal 
can  stand  the  huffing  and  puffing  of  any  number 
of  enemies." 

"I  read  a  story  in  my  fairy  book  the  other 
day,"  said  Sally,  "about  a  boy  and  girl  named 
Hansel  and  Gretel,  who  were  lost  in  the  woods. 


TRAINING  MR.  TASTER  99 


They  found  a  darling  little  house  all  built  of 
pieces  of  candy  and  cake." 

"Who  lived  in  the  house?"  asked  Sir  Food 
with  a  smile. 

"An    old    witch,"    replied    Sally. 

"If  any  children  should  try  to  build  their 
bodies  of  candy  and  cake,  I'm  afraid  an  old  witch 
named  Bad  Health  would  come  and  live  with 
them.  Oh,  I  know  you  love  sweet  things.  All 
children  do.  And  sweets  like  home-made  molasses 
candy,  maple  sugar,  honey,  and  dried  fruits  are 
good  for  you,  if  you  eat  them  only  after  meals. 
Of  course,  citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  re- 
member not  to  eat  too  many  sweets,  even  then. 
As  for  eating  between  meals,  Mr.  Digestion 
doesn't  like  to  have  you  take  anything  between 
meals,  except  a  little  fruit  perhaps  or  a  glass 
of  milk." 

"Why  not?"  asked  Tom,  whose  mother  had  a 
hard  time  breaking  him  of  the  habit  of  nibbling 
between  meals. 

"Tom,  suppose  your  father  asked  you  to  chop 
a  pile  of  wood  and  you  worked  hard  to  finish  it. 
Then  suppose  that,  instead  of  letting  you  rest 
after  you  had  chopped  up  the  first  pile,  he  gave 
you  a  few  more  sticks  to  chop,  and  then  a  few 


100  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

more.  If  he  kept  giving  you  little  piles  of  wood 
to  chop  all  day  long,  with  no  rests  between, 
wouldn't  you  get  very  tired?" 

"I  should  say  so!"  exclaimed  Tom.  "It  makes 
me  tired  just  to  carry  in  wood." 

Sir  Food  smiled.  "Then  you  can  imagine  how 
Mr.  Digestion  feels  when  he  sees  more  food  com- 
ing into  the  mouth,  after  he  has  worked  three 
or  four  hours  to  make  the  food  you  ate  at  break- 
fast ready  for  the  body  to  use.  It's  no  wonder 
he  asks  the  little  pain  pages  to  tell  you  to  give 
him  a  rest  once  in  a  while. 

"But  Mr.  Digestion  has  other  troubles  too," 
went  on  Sir  Food.  "I  have  great  admiration  for 
him  when  I  think  how  well  he  bears  most  of 
them.  Take  pickles,  for  instance.  Pickles  are  a 
great  trial  to  Mr.  Digestion  because  the  vinegar 
in  them  makes  them  tough  and  hard  to  break 
up.  Then  there  are  doughnuts  and  fried  meat 
and  all  other  fried  foods.  Sometimes  they  settle 
down  in  the  stomach,  and  Mr.  Digestion  can't 
do  a  thing  with  them.  Then  the  little  pain  pages 
tell  you  very  plainly  that  Mr.  Digestion  doesn't 
like  that  kind  of  food  at  all. 

"He  manages  sometimes  to  get  such  foods 
into  the  waste  pipe  without  much  trouble;  but 


TRAINING  MR.  TASTER  101 

dear  me!  he  isn't  very  well  paid  for  his  work.  If 
you  eat  sweets,  pickles,  soda  water,  and  fried 
foods,  instead  of  fruit,  vegetables,  milk,  and 
eggs,  Mr.  Digestion  isn't  able  to  give  the  body 


The  pain  pages   tell  you  when  Mr.  Digestion  doesn't 
like  the  food  you  give  him. 

the  building  material  and  fuel  it  needs  to  grow 
straight  and  strong.  So  remember  that  citizens 
of  the  Land  of  Health  always  give  Mr.  Digestion 
the  right  kind  of  foods. 

"After  all,  it's  just  a  matter  of  training  Mr. 
Taster.  He  lives  in  your  tongue,  and  he  likes 
whatever  he's  used  to.  People  in  the  South  Sea 
Islands  eat  raw  fish  and  like  it,  because  they're 
accustomed  to  it.  Little  Eskimo  children  would 
probably  rather  have  a  drink  of  castor  oil  than  a 


102 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


glass  of  soda  water.  In  India  people  like  much 
more  pepper  in  their  food  than  you  do,  because 
their  taste  has  been  trained  to  like  it,  and  yours 
hasn't. 

"In  every  country  in  the  world,  the  people  like 
to  eat  the  things  they're  used  to  eating.     So  train 


The  blood  flows  through  the  body  in  tubes  called 
blood  vessels.  Here  is  a  picture  of  the  blood 
vessels  of  the  hand. 

Mr.  Taster  by  eating  the  foods  that  you  know 
are  good  for  your  body,  whether  you  like  them 
at  first  or  not.  Soon  you  will  find  that  Mr.  Taster 
likes  milk  much  better  than  soda  water.  A  slice 
of  brown  bread  spread  thick  with  fresh  yellow 
butter  will  taste  sweeter  than  frosted  cake.  Try 
it  and  see! 

"Now  I  will  tell  you  one  more  way  that  you 
can  help  Mr.  Digestion.  You  know  that  the 
blood  is  the  transportation  system  of  the  body. 


TRAINING  MR.   TASTER  103 

That  is,  it  carries  fuel  and  building  material  and 
oxygen  to  the  parts  of  the  body  that  need  them, 
and  carries  away  waste.  When  any  part  of  the 
body  is  working,  that  part  needs  the  blood  more 
than  the  other  parts,  because  it  uses  up  the  various 
materials  faster  and  gives  off  more  waste. 

"Your  muscles  need  a  great  deal  of  blood  when 
you  are  exercising  them.  When  Mr.  Digestion 
is  working,  he  needs  extra  blood  too.  So  if  you 
exercise  your  muscles  directly  after  a  meal,  you 
will  take  away  the  blood  from  Mr.  Digestion  just 
when  he  needs  it  most.  Then  he  will  have  to 
work  more  slowly,  or  not  at  all,  until  the  muscles 
are  through  with  their  blood.  Sometimes  you 
study  hard  after  eating,  and  then  your  brain 
needs  blood;  or  you  take  a  hot  bath,  and  all  the 
blood  rushes  to  the  skin.  The  best  plan  is  to 
play  quiet  games  or  rest  for  half  an  hour  after 
eating  and  let  Mr.  Digestion  have  enough  blood 
to  start  his  work. 

"I'm  going  to  end  my  last  lesson  by  telling 
you  a  pretty  story  that  the  god  Mercury  told 
me  long  ago.  One  day  he  and  Jupiter,  the  king 
of  the  gods,  went  walking  on  the  earth.  They 
came  at  evening  to  a  humble  cottage  where  an 
old  couple  named  Baucis  and  Philemon  lived. 


104  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Baucis  and  Philemon  were  very  poor,  but  they 
never  hesitated  to  share  their  simple  food  with 
any  stranger  who  asked  their  hospitality. 

'We  were  tired  and  footsore/  said  Mercury, 
'and  so  we  begged  shelter  and  food  of  the  good 
old  people.  They  had  just  had  their  own  supper 
and  they  were  very  much  ashamed  of.  the  fare 
they  set  before  us.  When  we  sat  down  to  eat, 
we  found  an  earthen  pitcher  filled  with  milk, 
two  eggs  baked  in  the  hot  ashes,  half  a  loaf  of 
brown  bread,  a  little  honey,  and  two  bunches 
of  grapes.  Not  much,  to  be  sure;  but  at  my  first 
bite  of  bread  and  honey,  I  thought  I  was  back 
on  Mount  Olympus.  It  tasted  even  sweeter 
than  ambrosia,  the  food  of  the  gods.  What  is 
more,  the  milk  pitcher  never  seemed  to  be  empty, 
no  matter  how  many  bowls  we  filled  from  it.  I 
looked  at  Jupiter,  and  he  smiled  gravely,  but  he 
didn't  say  a  word. 

"Later,  when  we  were  alone,  I  asked  him  if 
he  had  changed  the  food  to  nectar  and  ambrosia. 
He  shook  his  head.  "Simple  food,  served  with 
loving-kindness  and  eaten  in  peace  and  content- 
ment tastes  sweeter  than  all  the  nectar  and  am- 
brosia on  Mount  Olympus,"  he  answered.  "As 
for  the  milk  pitcher,  I  thought  it  was  about  time 


TRAINING  MR.  TASTER  105 

that  mortals  learned  the  wonder  of  milk,  so  I 
decreed  that  at  least  one  pitcher  containing  it 
should  never  be  empty." 

"And  that,"  said  Sir  Food,  "is  the  true  story 
of  the  miraculous  pitcher.  I  wish  that  every 
boy  and  girl  in  the  world  had  one  now.  It's  time 
for  you  to  go  to  bed,  but  it  won't  take  long  to 
teach  you  the  eighth  law  of  the  Land  of  Health. 
This  is  it: 

"  The  proper  foods  for  me  to  eat 
Are  simple  ones  and  clean. 
A  pint  of  milk  each  day  I  need, 
And  vegetables  green. 
The  time  to  eat  is  during  meals, 
And  never  in  between." 

These  are  the  questions  that  Sir  Food  asked: 

1.  Make  a  list  of  the  things  you  have  eaten  in  the  last  day 
or  two.     Are  you  building  your  house  of  straw  and  sticks 
or  of  bricks? 

2.  Charles  spends  every  penny  he  can  get  for  candy.    His 
mother  wonders  why  he  is  never  hungry  at  mealtimes.    Do 
you  know  why? 

3.  Dorothy's  aunt  says  that  she  almost  dreads  to  have  a 
visit  from  Dorothy  because  it  is  so  hard  to  cook  for  her. 
Dorothy  says  she  does  not  like  eggs,  milk,  carrots,  lettuce,  or 
spinach.    What  ought  Dorothy  to  do?    Why? 

4.  What   happens   when   you   eat   too   many   sweets? 

5.  Why  shouldn't  you  eat  between  meals? 


106  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

6.  Name  some  foods  that  you  had   better  not  eat  and 
tell  why. 

7.  What  foods  are  good  for  you? 

8.  How  can  you  train  your  taste  so  that  you  will  like 
good  foods? 

9.  Do   you   remember   how   uncomfortable   you   felt   all 
last  Tuesday   afternoon?     Perhaps  you  will  think  of  the 
reason  when  you  remember  that  you  ran  all  the  way  back 
to  school  after  hurrying  through  your  luncheon.    What  was 
Mr.  Digestion  trying  to  tell  you? 

10.  What  can  you  do  to  help  the  body  digest  the  food 
you  give  it? 

11.  Tell  the  story  of  the  miraculous  pitcher. 

12.  What  do  you  think  of  this  as  a  motto  for  a  home  in 
the  Land  of  Health? 

Simple  food,  served  with  loving -kindness  and  eaten  in 

peace  and  contentment  tastes  the  sweetest. 
What  can  you  do  to  live  up  to  this  motto? 


CHAPTER  XI 
STORED   SUNLIGHT 

Sally  had  six  narcissus  bulbs  growing  in  a 
bowl  of  pebbles.  Mother  had  told  her  to  keep 
the  bowl  on  a  low  table  by  the  window  in  the 
playroom  so  that  it  could  have  plenty  of  sunlight. 
The  green  leaves  and  flower  stalks  grew  very 
quickly.  One  afternoon  when  Sally  and  Tom 
went  into  the  playroom  to  put  fresh  water  into 
the  bowl,  they  found  that  one  of  the  flower  buds 
had  opened.  As  Sally  leaned  over  to  smell  it, 
a  ray  of  light  slid  in  through  the  window  and 
landed  bump  against  the  opposite  wall. 

The  children  thought  something  had  fallen 
from  the  table.  But  when  they  turned  to  look, 
to  their  astonishment  they  saw  a  tall  fellow  dressed 
in  green  sitting  on  the  floor  with  his  back  against 
the  wall  and  his  legs  crossed  in  front  of  him. 

"My  Lord  the  Sun's  compliments,"  he  said 
smiling,  as  he  saw  the  surprise  on  the  children's 
faces.  "He  is  sorry  that  he  cannot  come  in  per- 
son to  give  you  the  lessons  on  sunlight,  but  he 
finds  himself  unable  to  leave  the  sky  just  now.  In 

107 


108  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

fact,  he  doesn't  quite  know  what  would  happen  if 
he  did.  However,  it  doesn't  matter. 

"I  am  one  of  my  Lord's  courtiers.  There  are 
six  of  us,  and  our  names  are  Red,  Orange,  Yellow, 
Green,  Blue,  and  Violet.  I  am  Green.  You 
needn't  stand,"  he  added  kindly.  "Just  sit 
down  anywhere."  He  waved  his  hand  with  a 
lordly  air.  After  the  children  were  seated,  he 
began: 

"My  Lord  the  Sun  is  a  most  important  person. 
He  gives  the  earth  so  many  blessings  that  in 
the  old  days,  before  people  knew  any  better,  he 
was  worshipped  as  a  god.  The  Greeks  called 
him  Apollo  and  thought  that  he  drove  the  chariot 
of  the  sun  across  the  heavens  from  east  to  west 
every  day.  That  mistake  used  to  make  my 
Lord  the  Sun  very  angry.  He  is  much  better 
pleased  now,  for  although  men  no  longer  worship 
him,  they  know  how  great  he  really  is.  Even 
children  like  you  know  that  the  earth  moves 
around  my  Lord  the  Sun. 

"He  gives  three  gifts  to  the  earth:  light,  heat, 
and  energy.  Without  them,  nothing  could  live. 
Have  you  noticed,  Sally,  that  the  narcissus  plants 
always  lean  toward  the  light  that  comes  in  through 
the  window?" 


STORED  SUNLIGHT  109 

"Oh,  yes,"  said  Sally.  "No  matter  how  often 
I  turn  them  around,  they  always  look  as  if  they 
were  bending  forward  on  tiptoe  to  see  something 
that  is  going  on  out  of  doors." 

"All  plants  and  trees  and  flowers  turn  toward 
my  Lord  the  Sun,  because  he  gives  them  life," 


Stored  sunlight 

explained  Green.  "In  their  leaves  are  little  green 
cells  that  soak  up  sunlight  as  a  sponge  soaks  up 
water.  This  sunlight  gives  the  plants  energy 
to  live  and  grow.  If  you  should  put  a  plant  in  a 
dark  closet  and  left  the  door  open  a  crack,  the 
plant  would  send  out  a  long  stem  until  it  reached 
the  light  coming  through  the  crack.  That  shows 
how  important  sunlight  is  to  the  life  of  plants, 
It  is  pleasant  to  think,  isn't  it,  that  whenever  you 
eat  vegetable  foods  like  lettuce  and  spinach,  you 
are  eating  stored  sunlight? 

"Plants  are  the  only  living  things  that  can  take 


110  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

the  gift  of  sunlight  energy  directly  from  my 
Lord  the  Sun.  All  other  living  things  must  get 
it  from  plants  or  from  animals  that  eat  plants.  It 
is  this  sunlight  that  gives  you  the  power  to  live  and 
grow  and  move  about.  Without  the  energy 
from  my  Lord  the  Sun,  no  living  thing  would  be 
on  the  earth. 

"My  Lord  the  Sun  loves  the  earth,"  went  on 
Green,  "but  there  are  some  things  on  it  that  he 
hates.  These  are  the  germs  of  sickness.  When- 
ever he  sees  one,  he  kills  it  with  his  hot  arrows. 
But  sometimes  people  won't  let  the  sun  shine 
into  all  the  corners  of  their  houses.  Then  the 
germs  hide  with  dust  and  dirt  in  the  dark. 

"In  cities,  great  buildings  that  hold  hundreds 
of  families  sometimes  stand  so  close  together 
that  no  light  can  get  into  many  of  the  rooms. 
Then  my  Lord  the  Sun  can't  reach  the  germs  of 
sickness  with  his  arrows.  In  most  cities  now, 
men  are  forbidden  by  law  to  build  tenements  so 
close  together  that  some  rooms  must  always  be 
without  sunlight  and  fresh  air.  Citizens  of  the 
Land  of  Health  who  live  in  cities  must  see  that 
those  laws  are  kept." 

Green  looked  up  at  the  window  suddenly.  "My 
Lord  the  Sun  is  calling  me!"  he  exclaimed. 


STORED  SUNLIGHT  111 

"You  must  learn  quickly  what  he  does  to  the 
germs." 

Tom  and  Sally  soon  knew  this  rime  by  heart: 

If  you  want  the  germs  to  run, 
Let  them  see  my  Lord  the  Sun ! 

As  Green  was  leaping  over  the  window  sill, 
he  called  back,  "My  Lord  the  Sun  will  ask  you 
the  questions  on  the  lesson  to-morrow  morning 
when  you  are  walking  to  school." 

These  were  the  questions  he  asked: 

1.  How  do  growing  plants  show  that  they  want  sunlight? 

2.  What  are  the  three  gifts  that  the  sun  gives  the  earth? 

3.  How   do   we   get    sunlight    energy    through   plants? 

4.  What  things  on  earth  does  the  sun  hate? 

5.  Why  is  it  important  to  let  the  sunlight  into  our  houses? 

6.  Do  you  know  any  dark  corners  indoors  where  enemy 
germs  can  hide? 

7.  Some  children  wanted  to  play  in  an  old  deserted  house. 
The  windows  had  been  boarded  up,  and  the  house  smelled 
damp  and  musty.    Why  was  the  children's  mother  afraid  to 
have  them  play  there? 


CHAPTER  XII 
CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER 

It  was  the  first  night  that  Sally  and  Tom  were 
to  sleep  on  their  new  sleeping  porch.  Father 
had  built  it  for  them  so  that  they  could  have 
plenty  of  fresh  air.  Mother  bundled  them  into 
their  warm  woolly  suits  and  caps,  tucked  them 
into  their  beds,  and  kissed  them  good-night. 
"Go  right  to  sleep  now,  children,"  she  called 
as  she  went  down  the  stairs. 

But  they  didn't  go  to  sleep.  Oh,  no!  for  who 
should  come  blowing  up  but  Mr.  Wind!  "I'm 
glad  you  have  warm  night  clothes  on,"  he  said, 
"for  my  Lord  the  Sun  has  asked  me  to  take  you 
on  a  journey.  Hop  in  here,"  he  said  to  Sally, 
holding  open  a  big  pocket  in  the  left  side  of  his 
cloak.  Sally  hopped  in.  She  was  very  much 
excited  at  the  thought  of  going  on  a  journey.  Tom 
jumped  into  the  right  cloak  pocket  and  whe-e-e-e, 
off  they  flew. 

The  earth  below  in  the  moonlight  looked  very 
far  away.  "Just  like  the  toy  village,"  thought 

Sally.     And  the  stars  in  the  Milky  Way  were  as 

112 


CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER 


113 


large  as  cobblestones,  only  of  course  much  more 
beautiful. 

As  they  flew  along,  the  sky  grew  lighter  and 
lighter,   and    then   quite   suddenly   my  Lord  the 


4. 


Mr.  Wind  comes  to  take  Tom  and  Sally  on  a  journey. 

Sun  poked  his  head  up  over  a  hill  and  laughed 
at  them.  "I  hope  you  have  a  pleasant  journey," 
he  called.  "Here's  your  guide,"  and  that  same 
moment  a  tall  man  dressed  in  a  lovely  shade  of 
yellow  landed  on  Mr.  Wind's  back.  "I'm  Yellow," 
he  said. 

Mr.  Wind  drew  in  a  big  breath  of  air  and  made 


114  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

himself  so  big  that  the  ends  of  his  cloak  covered 
half  the  sky.  "That's  better,"  the  children  heard 
him  say.  "Now  then,  Yellow,  where  do  you  want 
to  go  first?" 

"South  America,"  said  Yellow. 

In  a  moment  the  children  saw  that  they  were 
flying  over  the  ocean.  Tiny  ships  steamed  along 
beneath  them.  Sea  gulls  perched  on  the  flying 
ends  of  Mr.  Wind's  cloak  and  dipped  and  soared 
with  them.  Mr.  Wind  shouted  at  the  birds: 
*'Be  off,  I'm  too  busy  to  give  you  a  ride  to-day." 
So  the  sea  gulls  flew  down  to  ride  the  ocean  waves. 

Soon  they  were  flying  over  the  land  again.  The 
trees  grew  very  close  together  and  were  covered 
with  vines.  Strange  bright-colored  birds  flew  in 
and  out  of  the  branches.  "Here  we  are,"  called 
Yellow  suddenly.  "Light  on  that  rubber  tree, 
Mr.  Wind." 

Mr.  Wind  made  himself  small  and  flew  down 
to  the  top-most  branch  of  the  tree.  In  a  little 
clearing  near  a  river  Tom  and  Sally  saw  a  cluster 
of  huts  made  of  poles  and  palm  leaves.  Several 
little  brown  children,  with  no  clothes  on  at  all, 
sat  on  the  ground  playing  with  some  sticks.  A 
man  wearing  a  single  piece  of  cloth  was  fishing 
from  the  bank  of  the  river.  Two  women,  with 


CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER       115 

skirts  woven  from  the  bark  of  palm  trees,  seemed 
to  be  roasting  meat  on  the  coals  of  a  little  fire. 

"You  see,"  said  Yellow,  "my  Lord  the  Sun 
sends  his  rays  straight  down  here  all  the  year 
round,  and  so  the  weather  is  always  hot.  This 
part  of  the  earth  is  in  the  torrid  or  hot  zone. 
Natives  of  this  zone  wear  little  clothing,  because 
they  do  not  need  it  to  keep  warm  and  their 
skins  are  used  to  the  hot  sun  rays.  People  who 
come  here  from  other  lands  wear  very  light,  loose 
clothing  to  protect  their  skins  from  the  heat." 

Tom  and  Sally  began  to  feel  very  warm  indeed 
in  their  woolly  suits.  "If  you  stayed  here  long," 
said  Yellow,  "you  would  have  to  wear  clothes 
made  of  white  cotton,  and  they  would  need  to 
be  very  loose  so  that  the  air  could  reach  your 
skin  and  keep  it  as  cool  as  possible.  But  now  we 
must  go  to  another  country.  Greenland,  please, 
Mr.  Wind." 

With  a  rush  Mr.  Wind  bounded  out  of  the  tree 
and  up  into  the  sky.  Soon  they  were  flying  over 
the  ocean  once  more.  Mr.  Wind  headed  north, 
and  it  grew  colder  and  colder.  Icebergs  dotted 
the  ocean,  glinting  and  sparkling  in  the  sunlight. 
It  became  very  dark,  but  the  whole  sky  seemed  to 
glow  with  lovely  colors.  Sky  rockets  of  light 


116  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

shot  up  from  the  north  and  broke  in  showers  of 
crimson  and  yellow  at  the  top  of  the  sky.  "North- 
ern lights,"  said  Yellow  briefly  at  the  children's 
little  "oh"  of  astonishment.  "Here  we  are," 
he  cried  at  last. 

Mr.  Wind  lighted  on  a  snow  mountain  and 
danced  up  and  down  to  keep  warm.  Not  a  person 
was  in  sight.  A  few  round  mounds  of  ice  were 
huddled  together  at  the  foot  of  the  mountain. 
"Look!"  said  Yellow  suddenly,  pointing  to  a 
man  crawling  out  of  one  of  the  mounds.  He  was 
dressed  in  furs  from  head  to  foot  and  a  fur  hoo 
was  drawn  close  about  his  face.  He  threw  a  fV~^ 
chunks  of  frozen  meat  to  five  or  six  dogs  snapping 
about  his  feet.  Then  he  crawled  back  into  the 
mound.  "That  was  an  Eskimo,"  said  Yellow. 

"My  Lord  the  Sun  shines  here  for  only  part 
of  the  year,  and  then  his  rays  strike  the  earth  in 
such  a  way  that  they  don't  give  much  heat.  So 
it  is  always  cold.  This  part  of  the  country  lies 
in  the  frigid  zone.  The  Eskimos  have  to  wear 
the  thick  fur  of  animals  to  keep  warm,  and  when 
my  Lord  the  Sun  is  gone,  they  stay  close  in  their 
caves  of  ice  and  snow.  They  burn  the  fat  of  ani- 
mals in  stone  lamps,  but  they  depend  mostly 
on  their  fur  clothing  for  warmth." 


CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER 


117 


"Goodness!"  said  Tom  shivering,  "I  wish  I 
had  a  fur  coat." 

"So  do  I,"  cried  Sally.  "Let's  hurry  away, 
Mr.  Wind,  I'm  cold." 

"Off  we  go  then,"  said  Mr.  Wind;  and  as  they 
flew  along,  Yellow  started  the  lesson.  "You 


In  the  summer,  citizens  of  the 
Land  of  Health  wear  light 
cotton  clothes. 


Out  of  doors  in  the  winter, 
they  wear  warm  clothing 
from  head  to  toe. 


children  live  in  the  temperate  zone,  where  my 
Lord  the  Sun  arranges  matters  so  that  you  have 
both  winter  and  summer.  But  the  summers 
are  never  so  hot  as  the  weather  in  the  torrid  zone, 
and  the  winters  are  never  so  cold  as  weather  in 
the  frigid  zone.  You  wear  one  kind  of  clothes 


118  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

in  summer  and  another  kind  in  winter,  to  be  com- 
fortable and  well. 

"In  the  summer  you  should  wear  light  cotton 
clothes.  In  cold  weather,  when  you  go  out  of 
doors,  you  should  have  coats  made  of  wool  or 
fur  to  keep  you  warm.  If  there  is  snow  on  the 
ground,  you  wear  rubbers  to  keep  out  the  wet. 
Heavy  shoes  and  stockings  keep  your  legs  and 
feet  warm.  It  is  silly  for  people  to  wrap  up  in 
wool  or  fur  and  at  the  same  time  wear  silk  stock- 
ings and  thin  low  shoes.  The  body  should  be 
kept  warm  all  over,  for  when  it  becomes  chilled, 
the  little  cold  germs  are  likely  to  make  you  ill. 

"When  you  come  into  the  house  in  winter, 
you  should  take  off  your  heavy  outdoor  clothing, 
as  it  is  just  as  bad  for  you  to  be  too  hot  as  too 
cold.  The  raincoat  and  rubbers  that  you  wear 
on  a  rainy  day  should  always  come  off  when 
you  go  inside." 

"It's  my  turn  now,  Yellow,"  said  Mr.  Wind, 
turning  his  head.  "We're  almost  home,  and  I 
have  a  few  things  I'd  like  to  tell  these  young 
people.  Yellow  is  quite  right  about  the  rubbers 
and  raincoat,"  he  went  on  to  the  children.  "Your 
body  must  be  protected  against  damp  and  cold. 
But  if  the  skin  is  completely  shut  off  from  the 


CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER 


119 


fresh  air,  you  feel  very  uncomfortable,  and  your 
skin  gets  so  hot  that  when  the  heavy  clothes  are 
taken  off  you  are  likely  to  catch  cold.  Most  cloth 
is  full  of  tiny  holes,  so  that  I  can  move  the  air 


When  these  children  go  into  the  house,  what 
should  they  do? 

in  to  your  skin  and  out  again.  But  rubber  has 
no  little  holes  in  it  to  let  the  fresh  air  through. 
So  always  take  rubber  things  off  in  the  house. 

"Your  clothes  should  always  be  loose.  You 
can't  run  and  play  games  out  of  doors  half  so 
well  if  you  are  bothered  with  tight  clothes.  If 
you  are  to  be  healthy  and  strong,  your  blood 
must  run  freely  through  the  body  and  never  be 


120  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

held  up  at  the  toll  gates  named  Tight  Waistband, 
Tight  Collar,  Tight  Shoes,  and  Round  Garters. 
When  you  take  deep  breaths  after  running  hard, 
it  isn't  very  pleasant  to  be  afraid  that  all  your 
buttons  may  fly  off  at  any  moment." 

Sally  giggled.  "That's  how  I  felt  when  I  wore 
my  last  year's  serge  dress  for  the  first  time  this 
winter,"  she  said.  "Mother  had  to  rip  it  all  out 
and  make  it  over  again." 

Mr.  Wind  smiled.  "Madame  Rain  told  you," 
he  went  on,  "that  perspiration  is  always  coming 
out  of  the  body  through  the  skin.  Most  of  this 
perspiration  is  soaked  up  by  your  clothes.  It 
has  an  unpleasant  odor,  and  so  the  clothes  next 
to  your  skin — that  is,  your  underclothes — should 
be  washed  very  often  to  keep  them  fresh  and 
clean. 

"Your  outside  clothes  are  always  picking  up 
dirt  and  dust.  Dirty  clothes  are  not  only  unpleas- 
ant to  look  at,  but  the  little  germ  enemies  love 
to  hide  in  them.  Summer  clothes  should  be  kept 
dainty  and  clean  by  frequent  washing,  and  winter 
clothes  should  be  brushed  and  aired  often.  Citi- 
zens of  the  Land  of  Health  always  fold  up  their 
underclothes  at  night  and  hang  up  their  suits 
and  dresses  to  keep  them  neat  and  tidy." 


CLOTHES  AND  THE  WEATHER  121 

"I'll  have  to  leave  you  here,"  said  Yellow, 
interrupting  Mr.  Wind,  "but  I  have  just  time 
enough  to  teach  you  the  tenth  law  of  the  Land  of 
Health.  Here  it  is: 

"Wool  or  cotton,  fur  or  leather, 
Proper  clothing  suits  the  weather; 
Loose  it  is  from  neck  to  feet, 
And  always  tidy,  clean,  and  sweet." 

Yellow  flew  back  to  the  court  of  my  Lord  the 
Sun,  and  Mr.  Wind  brought  the  children  safely 
to  their  beds  on  the  sleeping  porch.  Then  perch- 
ing on  the  railing  that  ran  around  it,  he  asked 
the  children  the  following  questions: 

1.  Why  is  it  a  good  plan  to  sleep  on  a  sleeping  porch? 

2.  Tell  something  about  the  way  people  live  in  South 
America. 

3.  Tell   something    that   you    might    see   on   a   trip    to 
Greenland. 

4.  WTiat  kind  of  clothes  should  you  wear  in  warm  weather? 

5.  What  kind  of  clothes  should  you  wear  in  cold  weather? 

6.  Jean's  class  is  going  to  give  a  Christmas  play.    Jean  is 
to  be  a  fairy.    She  is  going  to  wear  a  white  dress,  white  slip- 
pers, and  thin  silk  stockings.    The  schoolroom  will  be  well 
heated.     WTiat  must  Jean  be  careful  about  when  she  goes 
home? 

7.  In  what  ways  can  you  keep  your  body  from  becom- 
ing chilled  out  of  doors,  and  too  hot  indoors? 

8.  Wliy  should  you  take  rubber  things  off  in  the  house? 

9.  Susan  can't  understand  why  she  has  so  many  colds. 


122  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Yesterday  I  heard  her  say,  "I  always  wear  my  rubbers  in 
school  because  I'm  afraid  I'll  forget  them  if  I  take  them 
off."  Do  you  know  why  Susan  has  a  cold  so  often? 

10.  Why  should  you  wear  loose  clothes? 

11.  Describe  two  kinds  of  shoes  and  tell  which  would  be 
worn  by  a  citizen  of  the  Land  of  Health. 

12.  What  care  should  you  take  of  your  clothes? 


CHAPTER  XIII 
IN    THE    GARDEN    OF    SLEEP 

Sally  was  having  a  beautiful  dream.  She 
thought  that  her  bed  had  been  changed  into  a 
little  boat  and  she  was  sailing  in  it  through  the 
sky.  The  stars  looked  like  yellow  water  lilies, 
and  she  was  just  reaching  out  to  pull  one  up  by 
the  roots  when  a  low  voice  murmured  in  her  ear, 
"Wake  up!" 

A  lady  in  a  soft  gray  dress  spangled  with  cres- 
cent moons  was  sitting  on  one  side  of  her  bed 
and  Tom  on  the  other.  The  bed  was  dipping  up 
and  down  in  the  strangest  fashion.  "It's  quite 
all  right,"  said  Lady  Sleep,  "I'm  taking  you  to 
my  garden." 

"Then  it's  true!"  gasped  Sally. 

"What  is  true?"  asked  Lady  Sleep  with  a 
puzzled  frown. 

"WThy,  that  my  bed  is  a  boat." 

"Of  course,"  replied  Lady  Sleep.  •" Every  one 
knows  that." 

The  bed  dipped  suddenly  toward  the  earth. 
It  floated  past  open  windows,  where  Tom  and 

123 


124  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Sally  saw  rosy-cheeked  children  sleeping  hap- 
pily. Through  closed  windows  the  pale  faces 
of  other  children  were  dimly  seen.  They  peeped 
in  at  warm  kitchens,  where  cats  were  curled  up 
in  little  baskets.  The  boughs  of  cedar  and  spruce 
trees  made  green  tents,  where  sparrows  and  chick- 
adees slept  in  the  warmth  of  fluffed-up  feathers. 
In  the  chicken  houses  fat  hens  were  perched 
comfortably  with  their  heads  tucked  under  their 
wings.  The  whole  world  was  fast  asleep. 

"Here  we  are!"  cried  Lady  Sleep  suddenly. 
The  children  saw  a  high  wall  ahead  of  them  with 
a  white  gate  in  the  center.  Lady  Sleep  whistled 
a  sleepy  bird's  note,  and  the  gate  opened  wide 
enough  to  let  the  bed  pass  through.  They  floated 
down  a  long  aisle  with  trees  on  either  side.  Stars 
hung  from  the  branches  in  clusters  like  wisteria 
blossoms.  A  still  deep  river  encircled  the  garden. 

The  bed  settled  down  under  a  live  oak  tree. 
"Aren't  there  any  people  here?"  asked  Sally  in  a 
disappointed  voice. 

"Hush,"  whispered  Lady  Sleep.  "The  thoughts 
of  every  sleeping  person  in  the  world  are  always 
Lere.  But  they  are  invisible.  Even  I  can't  see 
them.  When  people's  thoughts  are  in  the  Garden 
of  Sleep,  their  bodies  rest. 


IN  THE  GARDEN  OF  SLEEP  125 

"Thoughts  are  active  little  fellows.  They 
have  to  be  amused  most  of  the  time,  and  so  I 
give  them  dreams  to  play  with.  Dreams  are 
like  picture  puzzles.  They  are  made  of  little 
pieces  of  memories.  When  you  go  to  bed  with 
happy  thoughts  in  your  mind,  you  usually  have 
pleasant  dreams.  When  you  have  cross  thoughts, 
you  sometimes  wake  in  the  morning  and  say  you 
have  had  bad  dreams. 

"While  your  thoughts  are  in  the  Garden  of 
Sleep,  your  body  has  a  chance  to  rest.  Your 
tired  muscles  and  nerves  are  mended  after  the 
long  day's  work.  The  nerves  perform  the  messen- 
ger service  of  the  body.  They  carry  the  messages 
sent  out  by  the  brain,  which  is  the  captain  of  the 
body.  He  tells  the  other  parts  what  to  do.  As 
he  is  always  sending  messages  when  you  are 
awake,  the  nerves  are  tired  by  night.  It  is  very 
important  that  your  brain  and  nerves  and  muscles 
should  stop  working  for  rest  and  repairs. 

"Children  between  the  ages  of  eight  and  ten 
years  need  from  ten  to  eleven  hours  of  sleep 
every  night,  with  the  windows  wide  open. 

"I  know  a  great  many  children  who  don't 
like  to  go  to  bed.  They  beg  to  sit  up  for  just  a 
few  minutes  more  to  finish  a  story  or  game.  Some- 


126  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

times  they  go  to  the  movies.  And  yet  I  have 
heard  those  same  children  wish  they  could  have 
an  adventure.  They  would  like  a  tight  little 
ship,  for  instance,  in  which  to  hunt  for  buried 
treasure. 

"My  dears,  sleep  is  a  wonderful  adventure. 
You  go  to  bed,  and  away  your  thoughts  sail  to 
the  Garden  of  Sleep.  No  one  in  the  whole  wide 
world  knows  where  that  Garden  is.  And  yet 
the  guide  map,  with  a  cross  above  the  Garden, 
is  locked  in  your  mind.  The  closing  of  your 
eyes  turns  the  key,  and  in  the  next  breath  your 
thoughts  are  off  to  find  dream  treasures. 

"People  who  go  on  adventures  make  ready 
beforehand.  There  are  several  things  that  you 
must  do  before  your  thoughts  can  sail  away  to 
the  Garden  of  Sleep.  In  the  first  place,  you 
should  eat  a  light  supper.  If  you  eat  a  heavy 
meal  at  night,  Mr.  Digestion  needs  so  much  help 
from  the  muscles  and  blood  that  the  brain  is  kept 
awake  sending  messages  to  them. 

"Cereals,  stewed  fruit,  milk,  brown  bread,  and 
butter  are  good  things  to  eat  for  suppev.  Tea 
and  coffee  don't  like  to  have  you  go  on  adventures. 
If  you  drink  them,  they  are  sure  to  keep  you  awake. 

"You, should   read   or   play   quiet   games   just 


IN  THE  GARDEN  OF  SLEEP  127 

!  before  bedtime.  When  you  are  running  very 
fast,  you  have  to  slow  down  before  you  can  stop, 
don't  you?  All  the  parts  of  your  body  must 

|  slow  down  before  you  can  go  to  sleep.     If  you 

i  don't  let  them  do  it  before  you  get  into  bed,  they 
will  have  to  do  it  afterward.  And  then  you  wonder 
why  you  don't  go  to  sleep  right  away.  To  send 

•  your  thoughts  happily  on  their  adventure,  you 
must  be  ready  for  sleep  when  you  hop  into 
bed. 

"You  remember  that  your  body  mends  itself 
and  grows  while  you  are  asleep.  To  do  that,  it 

i  must  be  comfortable.  The  bedclothes  should  al- 
ways be  clean  and  sweet.  A  low  pillow  or  none 
at  all,  light  warm  blankets,  and  a  mattress  that 

i  is  smooth  and  not  too  soft  are  what  the  body 
likes  best.  All  the  very  nicest  adventures  begin 
in  the  dark.  No  lights  should  be  in  the  harbor 
of  your  room.  Your  thoughts  set  their  course 
by  the  moon  and  the  stars." 

"Do  the  thoughts  of  flowers  come  to  the  Garden 
of  Sleep  too?"  asked  Sally. 

"No,"  said  Lady  Sleep.  "There's  a  story 
about  that.  Dame  Nature  had  such  lovely  dreams 
at  the  very  beginning  of  the  world  that  she  wanted 
other  people  to  enjoy  them  too.  She  thought  of  a 


128  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

fine    plan.      She    decided    to    make    her    dreams 
come  true. 

"She  tucked  them  safely  in  little  brown  seeds 
and  bulbs.    Then  she  put  them  to  bed  in  the  warm 


The  adventurous  course  to  the  Garden  of  Sleep. 

dark  earth  and  covered  them  with  a  blanket 
of  leaves.  In  the  spring  the  dreams  heard  Dame 
Nature  calling  them,  through  the  warmth  of 
my  Lord  the  Sun  and  the  touch  of  Madame  Rain. 
They  poked  their  pretty  faces  up  through  the 
earth,  and  people  called  them  flowers. 

"The  flowers  are  Dame  Nature's  dreams  come 
true.     As  Dame  Nature  rests  by  going  to  sleep, 


IN  THE  GARDEN  OF  SLEEP  129 

just  as  you  do,  she  always  has  plenty  of  dreams  to 
make  into  flowers. 

"The  best  part  of  an  adventure  is  coming  home 
again.  So  in  the  morning  your  thoughts  come 
sailing  back.  Then  you  wake  up;  and  your  treas- 
ure hunt  was  successful,  for  you  found  rest  for 
your  body  and  happiness  for  your  mind.  These 
are  two  of  the  greatest  treasures  in  the  world. 

"But  remember,  to  find  the  treasures,  you 
steer  clear  of  the  pirate  ships,  Tea  and  Coffee. 
You  are  careful  not  to  stir  up  the  unfavorable 
wind,  Excitement  before  Bedtime,  and  you  mustn't 
run  aground  on  Too  Much  Supper  Shoal. 

"It's  time  we  were  going  home  now.  You 
mustn't  tell  any  one  that  you  were  awake  in  the 
Garden  of  Sleep.  It's  a  great  secret,  and  besides, 
no  one  would  believe  you." 

The  bed  floated  out  from  under  the  live  oak  tree 
and  sailed  through  the  white  gate.  As  they  went 
along  home,  Lady  Sleep  taught  them  the  eleventh 
law  and  asked  the  questions  about  the  lesson. 

This  is  the  law: 

To  keep  my  body  at  its  best, 
Eleven  hours  I  must  rest. 
At  eight  to  bed  and  up  at  seven 
Will  surely  count  up  to  eleven. 


130  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

These  are  the  questions: 

1.  What  happens  to  your  body  when  you  are  asleep? 

2.  How   many   hours   of   sleep  do  you   need? 

3.  Howard   goes   to   bed   at   eight   o'clock   every   night. 
James  takes  a  book  to  bed  with  him  and  reads  until  ten. 
Which  boy  do  you  think  does  better  work  in  school?    Why? 

4.  What  messages  are  carried  by  your  nerves? 

5.  Why  would  children  who  sleep  in  rooms  with  closed 
windows  have  pale  faces? 

6.  How  should  you  steer  your  boat  in  order  to  have  a 
pleasant  voyage  to  the  Garden  of  Sleep? 

7.  Sometimes  when  Philip  and  Rose  have  an  early  supper, 
their  mother  lets  them  have  something  to  eat  before  they 
go  to  bed.    The  other  night  Rose  drank  a  glass  of  milk  and 
Philip  ate  a  large  piece  of  apple  pie.    Which  do  you  think 
had  a  better  sleep  that  night? 

8.  How  do  you  make  ready   for  a   good  night's  sleep? 

9.  Describe  the  room  and  the  bed  in  which  your  body 
would  be  most  comfortable  during  sleep. 


CHAPTER  XIV 
ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Tom  and  Sally  had  colds  and  Mother  had  kept 
them  home  from  school.  She  explained  that  she 
didn't  want  them  to  give  their  colds  to  the  other 
children.  "I  don't  see  how  I  could  give  away  a 
cold,"  grumbled  Tom,  kicking  his  heels  against 
the  chair  he  was  sitting  in. 

Sally  looked  up  from  dusting  her  farmhouse 
and  the  farmer's  wife  and  baby.  "I  don't  either," 
she  sighed.  "I  hate  colds.  They  make  me  feel 
so  stuffy."  She  sneezed  violently. 

"Oh  dear!  Oh  dear!"  cried  a  tiny  voice. 
"Please  don't  sneeze  right  in  the  baby's  face. 
He'll  catch  your  cold."  Sally  almost  dropped  the 
farmer's  wife  in  her  astonishment. 

"She's  quite  right,"  said  another  voice  from  the 
window  seat.  "Put  her  back  on  the  farmhouse 
porch,  Sally." 

Tom  and  Sally  turned  to  look  at  the  speaker. 
He  was  a  tall  fellow  with  wings  on  his  cap  and 
heels  and  a  queer-looking  staff  in  his  hand.  "I'm 
Mercury,  "he  said  with  a  smile.  "You  have 

131 


132 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


heard  about  me,  haven't  you?  Dame  Nature  has 
sent  me  to  guide  you  through  the  country  of  the 
enemy.  It's  just  over  the 
border  of  the  Land  of  Health." 
"May  we  look  at  your 
staff?"  asked  Tom  politely. 

"Certainly,"    replied    Mer- 
cury.    He  held  it  up  for  the 
children    to    look    at.     Two 
snakes  were  twined  about  it, 
and  at  the  top  fluttered  a  pair 
of  wings.      "It's  called  a  ca- 
duceus,"    explained    Mercury, 
"  and  it  is  used  as  the  emblem 
of  the  medical  service  of  the 
United    States    Army.      But 
Mercury's  staff.        dear  me,  we  can  talk  on  the 
way,"  he  broke  off.     "We  have  a  long  journey 
before  us." 

He  whipped  off  his  cap,  and  holding  it  close  to 
the  floor,  told  the  children  to  hop  in.  There  was 
just  room  enough  inside  for  Tom  and  Sally  to  sit 
close  together.  When  they  were  safely  aboard,  the 
wings  on  each  side  of  the  cap  lifted  it  slowly  into 
the  air,  and  the  children  found  themselves  over 
Happy  Village,  with  Mercury  flying  beside  them. 


ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH  133 

As  they  soared  still  higher,  the  Land  of  Health 
appeared  spread  out  beneath  them  like  a  school- 
room map.  "We  are  coming  to  the  border  now," 
whispered  Mercury. 

The  children  saw  a  high  wall  ahead  of  them. 
"Why,  it  looks  as  if  it  were  made  of  window 
screens,"  remarked  Sally. 

"So  it  is!"  replied  Mercury.  "We'll  land  on 
top  of  it,  because  from  it  we  can  look  over  the 
country  of  the  enemy." 

The  broad  top  of  the  wall  was  astir  with  ac- 
tivity. Tom  and  Sally  saw  Yellow  sitting  a  little 
way  off  shooting  sun  arrows  into  a  knot  of  dark 
flying  things  in  the  enemy  country.  He  waved 
his  hand  at  them.  "I'm  having  lots  of  fun!" 
he  called. 

"What  are  you  doing?"  Tom  shouted  back. 

"Shooting    cold    germs.      Come    on    over." 

Tom  and  Sally  ran  over  to  watch  Yellow,  who 
was  just  aiming  at  another  germ.  "Ping!"  sang 
the  arrow  as  it  left  the  bow.  It  hit  one  of  the 
little  fluttering  things  so  that  it  curled  up  and  fell 
to  the  ground.  "Sit  down,"  invited  Yellow, 
moving  over. 

"We  can't,"  replied  Sally  politely.  "Mercury 
is  going  to  show  us  over  the  enemy  country.", 


134 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


Just  then  Mercury  strolled  over  with  his  hands 
in  his  pockets.  "Hello,  old  fellow,"  he  cried, 
slapping  Yellow  on  the  back.  "Any  luck?" 

"Fine!"  replied  Yellow.  "Shooting  colds  is 
great  sport." 

"I  didn't  know  a  cold  was  anything  you  could 
see  to  shoot  at,"  remarked  Sally.  "I  thought 

it  was  something 
you  had  inside  you 
that  made  you  sick." 
"It  is,"  replied 
Yellow.  "But  c€>lds 
aren't  always  inside 
you.  They  come  in 
from  outside.  Sick- 
nesses like  colds, 
measles,  scarlet  fe- 
ver, diphtheria,  and 

Citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  catch    whooping    COUgh    are 
their  sneezes  in  a  clean  handkerchief.  ,    ,         , . . , ,      , . 

caused  by  little  liv- 
ing things,  called  germs,  that  travel  from  one 
person -to  another. 

"If  a  person  with  a  cold  sneezes  or  coughs,  he 
sprays  the  air  with  these  little  living  things.  People 
who  are  near  him  breathe  in  the  air  full  of  the  cold 
germs,  and  then  they  are  likely  to  have  colds  too. 


ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH          135 

That  is  why  your  mother  didn't  want  you  chil- 
dren to  go  to  school  to-day.  It  is  also  why  the 
farmer's  wife  felt  so  badly  when  you  sneezed  in 
the  baby's  face,  Sally.  You  must  always  catch 
your  sneezes  and  coughs  in  a  handkerchief." 

:'You  tell  them  about  the  germ  enemies,  Yel- 
low, will  you?"  interrupted  Mercury  yawning. 
"I'm  sleepy."  He  stretched  out  on  top  of  the 
wall  and  was  soon  fast  asleep. 

Yellow  smiled.  "He's  a  fine  teacher,  isn't  he?" 
He  put  down  his  bow  and  leaned  back,  holding 
one  knee  in  his  hands.  "You  really  can't  see 
germs,  you  know.  They're  so  very  tiny  that  they 
are  invisible.  But  here  in  their  own  country  the 
bad  ones  take  off  their  disguise  of  littleness,  and 
so  you  can  see  them." 

"Why,  are  there  good  germs?"  asked  Sally 
in  surprise. 

"Certainly!"  replied  Yellow.  "There  is  a 
story  about  a  time  very  early  in  the  history  of 
the  world  when  all  the  germs  were  good.  I  don't 
know  how  true  it  is,  for  I  was  a  youngster  at  the 
time.  All  the  germs,  or  microbes  as  they  are  often 
called,  were  friends  of  the  people.  They  raised 
bread,  helped  make  butter  and  cheese,  turned 
apple  juice  into  vinegar,  and  made  things  grow 


136  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

by  putting  magic  into  the  soil,  just  as  the  good 
microbes  do  to-day.  Every  one  was  happy  and 
there  was  no  such  thing  as  sickness  in  the  world." 

Yellow  moved  closer  to  the  children  and  spoke 
very  low.  "Then  one  day,  they  say  that  Mer- 
cury appeared  on  earth  carrying  a  large  box  and 
a  little  girl.  He  left  them  both  in  the  cottage  of 
a  boy  named  Epimetheus,  and  told  him  on  no 
account  to  open  the  box.  But  the  little  girl, 
whose  name  was  Pandora,  was  very  curious. 

"  Instead  of  going  out  to  play  with  Epimetheus 
and  the  other  children,  she  sat  indoors  all  day 
long,  wondering  what  was  in  the  box.  Finally 
she  could  stand  it  no  longer  and  so  she  lifted  the 
lid.  And  lo,  out  of  the  box  flew  all  the  troubles 
and  germs  of  sickness  that  are  in  the  world  to- 
day. No  one  knows  how  the  germs  got  in  the  box 
or  where. they  came  from.  But  it  seems  as  if 
they  were  especially  made  to  harm  mankind, 
for  the  germs  that  cause  sickness  can  live  and 
grow  only  in  the  bodies  of  human  beings  and 
animals.  Now  mind,  this  is  only  a  story,  for  I 
was  much  too  young  at  the  time  to  remember 
what  really  happened.  But  it  is  quite  true  that 
as  far  back  as  I  can  remember,  germs  of  sickness 
have  troubled  the  world.  They  have  caused 


ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH          137 

more  trouble  than  all  the  wars  that  were  ever 
fought. 

"If  you  children  would  like  to  be  as  great  heroes 
as  Jack  the  Giant  Killer  or  Saint  George  who 
killed  the  dragon,  you  will  help  fight  the  germs 
of  sickness." 

"How  can  we  fight  something  that  we  can't 
see?"  objected  Tom. 

"Ah,  ha,"  said  Yellow,  "that's  just  the  trouble. 
Those  wicked  little  creatures  had  a  beautiful 
time  of  it  for  ages  and  ages  because  they  were 
invisible.  Then  along  came  a  great  man  named 
Pasteur,  who  found  them  out.  Since  then  they 
have  had  to  fight  for  their  lives.  But  they  have  a 
great  many  hiding  places  and  ways  of  traveling 
about,  so  they  are  still  our  most  dangerous 
enemies. 

"Germs  like  to  travel.  They  are  always  seeking 
new  worlds  to  conquer.  As  long  as  they  are  travel- 
ing swiftly  from  one  body  to  another,  they  are 
happy.  If  a  well  girl  is  foolish  enough  to  kiss  a 
person  with  a  cold,  some  of  the  cold  germs  are 
almost  sure  to  hop  into  her  mouth  from  the  sick 
person's  lips.  Germs  never  hesitate  to  slip  out  of  a 
person's  mouth  to  the  rim  of  a  cup  from  which 
many  people  drink,  because  they  know  that  they 


138  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

will  surely  be  able  to  pop  back  into  some  one 
else's  mouth. 

"Sometimes,  however,  the  sickness  germs  are 
put  out  of  one  body  and  cannot  find  their  way 
into  another  right  away.  A  sickness  germ  outside 
the  body  is  very  unhappy,  and  it  is  always  planning 
and  scheming  to  get  back.  To  do  this,  it  hides 
on  things  that  are  likely  to  be  put  into  the  mouth. 

"There  was  once  a  man  named  Douglas,  who 
lived  on  the  border  between  Scotland  and  England. 
He  was  always  fighting  the  English.  One  time 
he  wanted  to  get  inside  an  English  castle  to  capture 
it.  So  he  and  his  men  hid  in  a  load  of  hay  that  was 
to  be  taken  into  the  castle.  When  the  hay  cart 
had  passed  over  the  drawbridge,  Douglas  and  his 
men  drew  their  swords,  leaped  from  the  cart,  and 
took  the  castle. 

"Germs  hide  on  your  fingers  and  in  food  and 
water.  They  think  that  in  that  way  they  are  sure 
to  pass  the  drawbridge  of  the  lips  and  capture 
the  body  castle.  Children  are  likely  to  put  things 
like  pennies  and  pencils  into  their  mouths  and  so 
the  germs  lie  in  wait  for  them  there. 

"But,  my  dears,  you  mustn't  let  the  germs 
scare  you.  When  you  know  where  they  are,  it's 
easy  to  get  the  better  of  them.  It's  like  a  game  of 


ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH          139 

hide  and  seek.  Pasteur  first  spied  out  the  germs. 
Since  then  many  brave  and  wise  men  and  women 
have  hunted  out  their  hiding  places.  They  can 
hide  best  in  filth  and  dark  places. 


Can  you  give  the  law  of  the  Land  of  Health  that 
Tom  is  disobeying? 

"Wash  your  hands  with  soap  and  hot  water 
before  eating.  See  that  food  is  kept  in  closed 
cases  in  grocery  stores,  and  that  your  milk  comes 
from  clean  dairies.  Help  keep  the  streets  and 
yards  all  neat  and  tidy.  Then  the  germs  will  soon 
be  on  the  run. 

"Some  of  the  germs,  like  the  ones  that  cause 
scarlet  fever  and  measles  and  diphtheria,  are  called 


140  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

contagious.  Grown-up  people  in  the  Land  of 
Health  see  that  signs  are  put  on  the  doors  of  houses 
where  there  are  persons  with  contagious  diseases. 
These  signs  tell  well  people  to  keep  away  so  that 
the  germs  can't  reach  them. 

"The  way  that  germs  like  to  travel  best  is 
by  fly  and  mosquito  airplane,  as  you  will  see." 
Yellow  reached  over  and  poked  Mercury  in  the 
ribs.  "Wake  up!"  he  cried.  "Aren't  you  going 
to  take  these  children  on  a  trip  into  the  enemies' 
country?" 

Mercury  sat  up  and  rubbed  his  eyes.  "Where 
am  I?"  he  asked.  He  looked  around  and  saw 
Yellow  and  the  children  laughing  at  him.  "Dear 
me,"  he  cried,  "now  I  remember.  Has  Yellow 
told  you  about  germs?" 

"Oh,  yes!"  exclaimed  the  children. 

"Well,  see  if  you  can  learn  this  law  then,  before 
we  start. 

"Sickness  germs  I  must  defeat, 
And  so  I  wash  before  I  eat; 
I  never  touch  my  nose  or  lips 
With  pencils,  coins,  or  finger-tips. 
I  keep  away  from  those  who  sneeze, 
For  they  may  have  a  germ  disease; 
And  when  I  cough  or  sneeze  or  sniff, 
I  do  it  in  a  handkerchief." 


ENEMIES  OF  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH          141 

When    the    children    knew   the    law,    Mercury 
asked  them  these  questions: 

1.  If  you  have  a  cold,  how  can  you  keep  other  people 
from  catching  it? 

2.  What  are  our  most    dangerous    enemies?     Who  dis- 
covered them? 

3.  What  are  some  of  the  things  that  good  germs  do  to 
help  us? 

4.  Janet  has  a  baby  sister.     She  is  so  sweet  and  pretty 
that  when  Janet  wheels  her  out  in  her  carriage,  all  the  girls 
want  to  kiss  her.     Sometimes  it  makes  them  very  cross 
because  Janet  won't  allow  any  of  them  to  do  this.    Do  you 
think  Janet  is  right  or  wrong?    Why? 

5.  Some  boys  and  girls  chew  or  suck  their  pencils  when 
they  are  working  their  examples  or  writing  their  spelling 
lesson.    Why  is  this  a  dangerous  habit? 

6.  Tell  some  of  the  ways  in  which  germs  can  enter  the 
mouth. 

7.  How   can   you   protect   yourself   from   germs? 

8.  How  can  you  help  protect  other  people  from  germs? 

9.  When  children  are  recovering  from  a  contagious  disease 
like  measles  or  scarlet  fever,  they  should  not  play  with  toys 
which  other  children  may  use  afterward.     Try  to  think  of 
some  things  that  a  child  who  has  had  the  measles  might  do 
to  amuse  himself. 

10.  Perhaps  your  teacher  will  let  you  make  a  little  play 
from  the  story  of  Pandora  and  Epimetheus.    Some  of  your 
classmates  may  be  the  germs  and  you  can  pretend  that  they 
are  shut  up  in  one  corner  of  the  room.    What  will  Pandora 
and  Epimetheus  say  to  each  other?    What  will  the  germs 
say  to  Pandora? 


CHAPTER  XV 
THE   AIRPLANES    OF    THE    ENEMY 

After  the  children  had  answered  all  the  ques- 
tions, Mercury  told  them  to  look  carefully  at  the 
enemies'  country  through  a  spyglass  that  he  gave 
them.  A  swamp  stretched  away  from  the  foot 
of  the  wall,  and  from  it  an  unpleasant  humming 
arose.  "That  is  Mosquito  Swamp,"  said  Mercury. 

Beyond  the  swamp  stood  a  tumble-down  barn 
and  farmhouse.  A  great  pile  of  manure  was 
stacked  against  the  side  of  the  barn.  Two  pale 
children  and  an  untidy  woman  sat  on  the  door- 
step of  the  house.  Through  the  spyglass  the 
children  saw  hundreds  of  flies  swarming  around 
the  barn.  The  flies  then  flew  to  a  pigpen  near  by, 
and  from  there  into  the  house. 

The  children  had  been  so  busy  listening  to 
Yellow  that  they  hadn't  paid  much  attention  to 
what  was  happening  on  the  wall.  Now  they  saw 
that  all  the  other  courtiers  of  my  Lord  the  Sun— 
Red,  Orange,  Green,  Blue,  and  Violet — were 
also  shooting  germs.  A  thin  bristly  fellow,  who 
looked  very  much  like  a  toothbrush,  was  stamping 

142 


THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY 


143 


excitedly  up  and  down,  shaking  his  head  furiously. 
Other  strange-looking  creatures  were  pouring  boil- 
ing water  over  the  wall  or  spraying  the  swamp 
with  kerosene  oil.  Giant  fly -swatters,  wav- 
ing back  and  forth, 
shooed  away  any  flies 
that  managed  t  o 
reach  the  top  of  the 
wall. 

Tom  and  Sally  felt 
the  wall  tremble. 
"The  wall  is  mov- 
ing!" cried  Sally. 

"Certainly,"  re- 
plied Mercury.  "The 
citizens  of  the  Land 
of  Health  are  always 
fighting  the  enemy 
and  .winning  too. 
When  ground  is  won, 
the  wall  moves  up  to 
protect  the  conquered 
territory.  Citizens  of 
the  Land  of  Health  try  never  to  let  the  enemy 
over  the  border.  One  way  of  keeping  them  back 
is  this  screen  wall,  which  shuts  out  flies  and  mos- 


Mr.  Toothbrush  shakes  his  fist  at 
the  enemy  germs. 


144  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

quitoes.  You  know,  they  are  the  airplanes  in 
which  the  germs  of  sickness  try  to  invade  the 
Land  of  Health. 

"The  surest  way  to  keep  out  these  airplanes 
with  their  germ  passengers  is  to  destroy  them. 
One  kind  of  mosquito  carries  the  germ  of  malaria; 
another  kind  carries  the  germ  of  yellow  fever. 
These  two  germs  are  deadly  enemies  of  the  Land 
of  Health.  Doctors  and  other  brave  men  spent  a 
great  many  years  of  study  and  danger  before  they 
found  out  just  how  these  germs  were  carried  from 
one  human  body  to  another. 

"Mosquitoes  lay  their  eggs  in  stagnant  pools, 
swamps,  uncovered  rain  barrels,  old  tin  cans 
full  of  rain  water,  or  any  other  places  where  the 
water  is  still.  That  is  why  you  see  swamps  and 
stagnant  pools  in  the  enemies'  country. 

"Citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  drain  the 
swamps  and  spray  oil  over  stagnant  pools.  The 
oil  spreads  over  the  water  and  keeps  air  from  the 
baby  mosquitoes,  so  that  they  die.  Good  citi- 
zens also  take  away  all  tin  cans  that  might  hold 
rain  water  and  they  cover  the  rain  barrels.  Then 
the  mosquito  has  no  place  to  lay  her  eggs.  By 
keeping  the  mosquitoes  from  bringing  up  rein- 
forcements, citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  are 


THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY  145 

winning  the  fight  over  this  branch  of  the  enemy 
airplane  service. 

"Now,  we're  going  to  take  a  walk  in  the  ene- 
mies' country,"  went  on  Mercury.  "You  will 
be  invisible,  and  so  the  germs  can't  get  at  you. 
Yellow  will  come  along  with  us.  All  the  germs  are 
scared  to  death  of  him.  They  scoot  when  they 
see  him  coming,  because  he  kills  them  with  the 
hot  arrows  of  my  Lord  the  Sun.  Here's  a  fly- 
swatter  for  each  of  you,  and  be  sure  you  use  it. 
We'll  sail  over  Mosquito  Swamp." 

The  children  seated  themselves  in  the  cap  again 
and  Yellow  perched  on  the  rim.  Then  they  flew 
over  the  swamp  and  landed  at  the  farm.  A  great 
swarm  of  flies  hovered  over  it.  "This  is  Fly 
Farm,"  said  Yellow,  "and  I  wish  the  citizens  of 
the  Land  of  Health  would  reach  it  soon  and  clean 
it  up.  It's  a  great  nuisance.  Let  us  watch  one  of 
the  flies.  I'll  make  a  mark  on  one  so  that  we  won't 
lose  track  of  it." 

Yellow  caught  a  young  fly  that  was  just  start- 
ing out  in  the  world.  He  rubbed  his  finger  over 
its  back  until  it  shone  golden  in  the  sunlight. 
Then  he  let  it  fly  away.  It  lit  first  in  the  pigpen, 
where  it  enjoyed  a  hearty  meal.  Then  it  flew 
into  the  barn  and  crawled  around  for  a  while. 


146 


THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY  147 

A  pump  stood  in  the  yard  and  an  iron  cup  was 
fastened  to  it  by  a  long  chain.  The  fly  flew  to 
the  rim  of  this  cup  and  carefully  wiped  its  feet  on 
it.  Sally  saw  the  little  girl,  who  had  been  sitting 
on  the  doorstep,  dip  the  cup  into  a  bucket  that 
stood  by  the  well  and  drink  from  it  just  after  the 
fly  had  left  it. 

Then  the  fly  led  them  a  merry  chase.  Sally 
and  Tom  and  Mercury  and  Yellow  had  to  run 
to  keep  up  with  it.  They  found  themselves  chas- 
ing it  down  a  village  street.  "This  is  Dirty ville," 
panted  Mercury,  as  they  followed  the  fly  through 
the  door  of  a  grocery  store.  It  walked  over  the 
dirty  floor  and  then  flew  to  an  open  box  of  sugar. 
Here  was  a  feast,  indeed.  A  little  boy  came  in 
to  buy  some  sugar,  and  the  storekeeper  scooped 
up  a  pound  from  the  very  spot  where  the  fly  had 
been  standing.  The  fly  followed  the  boy  out  of 
the  grocery  and  so  did  the  four  adventurers. 
They  all  came  to  a  cottage  on  the  village  street. 

The  fly  at  once  crawled  over  the  face  of  a  baby 
who  lay  asleep  in  a  carriage  on  the  porch.  Then 
he  flew  into  the  house  through  the  unscreened 
window  and  sat  on  the  spout  of  a  milk  pitcher. 
He  ended  his  career  by  falling  into  the  milk  and 
drowning. 


148  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

As  they  walked  away,  Yellow  caught  another 
fly  and  showed  the  children  its  feet  through  a 
glass  which  he  pulled  from  his  pocket.  By  looking 
through  this  glass,  they  saw  everything  much 
larger  than  it  really  was.  Yellow  called  it 
a  magnifying  glass.  The  children  saw  that 
the  fly's  feet  were  covered  with  tiny  sticky 
hairs. 

"All  the  filth  and  germs  that  the  fly  picks  up 
by  crawling  over  dirty  places  are  carried  to  the 
food  that  it  lights  on  later,"  Yellow  explained. 
"Flies  should  be  kept  out  of  houses  by  tightly 
screened  windows  and  doors.  Citizens  of  the  Land 
of  Health  wage  war  continually  on  the  fly  airplanes. 
If  they  manage  to  get  over  the  screen  wall,  the 
citizens  shoot  them  down  with  fly-swatters  or 
catch  them  on  sticky  fly  paper. 

"The  real  way  to  get  the  better  of  them,"  said 
Mercury,  "is  to  keep  them  from  raising  families. 
One  single  fly  has  over  one  hundred  children  at  a 
time.  If  all  the  garbage  cans  are  covered  up, 
and  all  the  piles  of  dirt  and  rubbish  cleared  away, 
Mrs.  Fly  won't  have  any  place  to  lay  her  eggs. 
Then  the  citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  will 
have  conquered  one  of  their  worst  enemies. 

"When  men  first  lived  in  countries  like  England 


THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY 


149 


and  America,  wolves  were  a  great  danger  to 
the  people.  But  year  by  year  the  forests  were 
cleared  and  the  hiding  places  of  the  wolves  un- 
covered. Fields  of  corn  and  wheat  and  fruit 


Taking  away  the  hiding  places  of  the  enemies  of  health. 

orchards  took  the  place  of  the  deep  woods.  Now 
in  England  the  sheep  graze  at  peace  in  the  mead- 
ows, and  little  boys  set  to  watch  them  no  longer 
cry  'Wolf!  Wolf!'  at  the  sight  of  moving  shadows. 
Red  Riding  Hood  could  visit  her  grandmother 
to-day  in  England,  and  not  a  wolf  would  she  meet 
on  the  journey.  Wolves  can  live  and  do  harm 


150  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

only  when  they  have  places  to  hide  and  bring  up 
their  cubs.  When  the  hiding  places  are  taken 
away,  the  wolves  disappear. 

"That  is  what  will  happen  to  the  germ  enemies 
and  their  fly  and  mosquito  airplanes  when  people 
learn  to  take  away  their  hiding  places." 

"The  enemies  have  a  great  many  places  to 
hide  in  here  in  Dirty ville,"  remarked  Tom.  He 
and  Sally  were  having  trouble  in  picking  their 
way  along  the  street  because  of  the  piles  of  rub- 
bish in  the  way. 

"I  don't  like  this  country,"  said  Sally.  "Let's 
go  back  to  the  Land  of  Health,  Mercury." 

"All  right,"  consented  Mercury.  "There's 
not  much  more  to  see  anyway.  Coffee  River  and 
Tea  Lake  are  back  in  the  country  a  bit.  Then 
there  is  Tobacco  Field,  east  of  Dirty  ville."  As 
Mercury  was  speaking,  Tom  noticed  that  a  thick 
fog  came  rolling  up  behind  them.  It  had  a  pe- 
culiar odor. 

"That  comes  from  Tobacco  Field,"  explained 
Mercury,  starting  to  run.  "If  it  once  overtakes 
us,  we  shall  have  a  hard  time  finding  our  way  back 
to  the  Land  of  Health.  Tobacco  smoke  makes 
children's  minds  dull  and  keeps  their  bodies 
from  growing.  Children  in  the  Land  of  Health 


THE  AIRPLANES  OF  THE  ENEMY  151 

never  smoke  cigarettes  or  any  other  form  of  to- 
bacco." 

Tom  and  Sally  were  glad  to  see  the  wall  loom 
up  ahead  of  them  as  they  ran.  On  the  edge  of 
Mosquito  Swamp  Mercury  lifted  the  children  in 
his  arms  and  flew  with  them  to  the  top  of  the  wall. 
There  he  asked  them  the  following  questions: 

1.  Why    are    flies    and    mosquitoes    dangerous    enemies 
to  health? 

2.  In    what    ways    can    mosquitoes    be    destroyed? 

3.  Describe  the  travels  of  a  fly,  showing  how  it  can  spread 
the  germs  of  sickness. 

4.  Name  the  ways  in  which  you  can  keep  places   free 
from  flies. 

5.  Make  up  a  story  about  the  journey  of  a  germ  that 
started  off  on  a  fly  airplane. 

6.  When  will  you  have  to  be  especially  on  your  guard 
against  mosquitoes:  in  a  dry  summer  or  a  rainy  one? 

7.  When  Mrs.  Baxter  puts  the  baby  to  sleep  in  his  car- 
riage on  the  porch,  she  always  covers  the  carriage  carefully 
with  mosquito  netting.    Why  does  she  do  this? 

8.  Suppose  you  decide  to  start  a  war  against  the  enemy 
in  your  school.    You  might  call  yourselves  "The  Mosquito 
Police  "  or  "The  Anti-Fly  Brigade."    What  are  some  of  the 
things  you  might  do? 


CHAPTER  XVI 
CAREFULNESS 

Mercury  told  the  children  that  they  must 
inspect  Happy  Village  before  receiving  their 
citizenship  papers.  He  suggested  that  they  walk 
back  to  the  village  through  the  Land  of  Health. 
Sally  and  Tom  loved  to  take  walks,  and  so  they 
begged  Mercury  to  start  out  at  once. 

"All    right,"    he    agreed    cheerfully. 

They  hadn't  walked  far  in  the  direction  of 
Happy  Village  "when  they  caught  up  with  a 
serious-faced  lady  who  was  going  in  the  same 
direction. 

"This  is  my  sister,  Minerva,"  Mercury  said 
to  the  children.  "She  is  very  wise.  These  chil- 
dren's names  are  Tom  and  Sally,"  he  explained  to 
Minerva.  "They  are  learning  the  laws  of  the 
Land  of  Health  so  that  they  can  be  citizens. 
They  know  all  the  laws  now  except  the  one  on 
Carefulness.  Do  you  feel  like  teaching  it  to  them? 
You  know  more  about  it  than  I  do,  you  know." 

"Yes,  I  imagine  I  do,"  said  Minerva  with  a 
smile.  "This  brother  of  mine,"  she  said,  turning 

152 


CAREFULNESS  153 

to  the  children,  "has  a  great  many  good  qualities, 
but  he  has  been  known  to  do  several  foolish  things. 
They  say  that  when  he  was  very  young  he  stole 
the  cattle  of  my  Lord  the  Sun,  or  Apollo  as  he 
was  then  called,  and  hid  them  in  a  cave.  When 
Apollo  found  it  out,  he  was  very  angry,  and  if 
Mercury  hadn't  given  him  something  that  he 
wanted  very  much,  I  don't  know  what  would  have 
happened." 

"I  don't  see  why  every  one  made  such  a  fuss 
about  it,"  grumbled  Mercury. 

"It  is  very  dangerous  to  make  the  sun  angry," 
said  Minerva  severely,  "as  the  germ  enemies 
can  very  well  tell  you.  One  of  the  gifts  that  my 
Lord  the  Sun  gives  the  earth  is  fire,"  she  went  on. 
"It  is  one  of  the  greatest  friends  of  man,  and  with- 
out it  human  beings  would  be  very  miserable. 
But  if  you  play  with  it  and  do  not  treat  it  with 
respect,  it  becomes  very  dangerous. 

"I  will  tell  you  about  a  boy  who  once  played 
with  fire.  It  happened  long  ago  when  people 
thought  that  the  god  Apollo  drove  the  chariot 
of  the  sun  across  the  sky  every  day.  Apollo  had 
a  son  called  Phaeton.  Phaeton's  school-fellows 
used  to  mock  and  jeer  at  him  because  he  said  he 
was  the  son  of  a  god. 


154  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"One  day  he  could  stand  it  no  longer  and  he 
traveled  to  the  palace  of  the  sun,  which  lies  in 
the  Land  of  Sunrise.  He  came  into  the  presence 
of  Apollo  and  demanded  proof  of  his  relationship 
with  him.  Apollo  promised  to  give  him  anything 
he  wished  for. 

"The  foolish  boy  then  asked  to  drive  the  chariot 
of  the  sun  across  the  heavens  for  one  day.  Apollo 
begged  him  to  ask  for  anything  else  but  that. 
Phaeton  refused  to  listen.  Apollo  sighed  and  led 
him  to  the  golden  chariot  of  the  sun,  to  which 
fiery  steeds  were  harnessed.  Phaeton  leaped  to 
the  seat  and  took  the  reins. 

"Apollo  told  him  not  to  go  too  high  lest  he 
burn  the  dwellings  of  the  gods,  or  too  low  lest 
he  set  the  earth  on  fire.  He  said  'The  middle 
course  is  safest  and  best.'  No  sooner,  however, 
had  the  horses  drawn  the  chariot  into  the  heavens 
than  they  discovered  that  Phaeton  didn't  know 
how  to  guide  them. 

"They  left  the  path  and  rushed  in  among  the 
stars.  One  moment  they  were  in  high  heaven; 
the  next  they  dashed  almost  to  the  earth.  The 
clouds  smoked  and  the  mountain  tops  took  fire. 
Whole  cities  were  burned  to  ashes.  At  last  Jupi- 
ter, the  king  of  the  gods,  hurled  Phaeton  from  the 


CAREFULNESS  155 

chariot  with  a  thunderbolt,  or  the  whole  world 
would  have  burned  up. 

"It  is  very  foolish  to  do  dangerous  things,  as 
Phaeton  did,  because  other  children  jeer  at  you. 
Grown-up  people  know  that  fire  must  be  handled 
carefully,  to  be  safe.  They  have  learned  not  to 
come  too  close  to  it,  and  never  to  play  with  it. 
Only  grown-ups  can  guide  fire  on  its  safe  middle 
course,  so  that  it  keeps  you  warm  and  cooks  your 
food  without  harming  you. 

;<You  should  never  play  at  striking  at  matches. 
You  mustn't  make  bonfires  unless  a  grown-up 
person  is  helping  you,  and  remember  that  it 
is  always  safest  not  to  come  close  to  any  kind 
of  fire.  Fire  leaps  up  with  a  roar  when  gaso- 
line or  kerosene  comes  near  it,  so  never  throw 
either  on  a  fire.  If  your  clothing  should  ever 
catch  fire,  do  not  run,  but  lie  down  and  roll 
on  the  ground,  or  wrap  yourself  in  a  coat  or 
blanket. 

"Water  is  another  one  of  the  friends  that  you 
must  be  careful  about.  If  you  can't  swim,  never 
wade  out  into  deep  water,  or  play  on  bridges 
and  banks  above  streams.  When  you  are  in  a 
rowboat,  sit  quietly. 

"One  of  the  most   powerful  friends   that  you 


156  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

have  is  electricity.  He  lights  your  houses,  moves 
trolley  cars  and  trains,  and  performs  more  won- 
ders than  all  the  gods  together  could  do  in  the 
old  days.  The  electricity  you  use  travels  in 


A  whole  street  is  fenced  off  for  roller  skating  in  the  City  of 
Safety  First. 

wires.  Most  wires  are  guarded  so  that  the  elec- 
tricity can't  jump  out,  but  sometimes  electricity 
cannot  do  the  work  it  has  to  do  if  it  is  covered 
up.  It  is  safest  never  to  handle  any  wires,  for 
the  touch  of  electricity  is  very  dangerous." 

Minerva  stopped  talking  just  as  the  little  party 


CAREFULNESS  157 

came  to  the  outskirts  of  a  city.  "This  is  the  City 
of  Safety  First,"  said  Mercury.  Tom  and  Sally 
noticed  that  when  children  wanted  to  cross  the 
crowded  streets,  they  waited  for  the  policeman  to 
tell  them  to  start.  They  came  to  one  street  that 
was  fenced  off,  and  here  crowds  of  children  on 
roller  skates  were  shouting  and  racing  back  and 
forth,  without  having  to  dodge  automobiles. 

A  trolley  car  stopped  near  by,  and  Tom  saw 
that  the  boy  who  stepped  off  faced  forward  as  he 
left  the  car. 

"City  streets  are  another  thing  to  be  careful 
about,"  said  Minerva.  "Boys,  especially,  like 
to  dash  in  and  out  of  traffic  on  roller  skates.  They 
think  it  great  fun  to  steal  rides  on  moving  trucks 
and  wagons." 

Tom  grinned.  "The  fellows  call  you  'fraid 
cat'  unless  you  do,"  he  said. 

"That  doesn't  prove  that  you  really  are  afraid, 
does  it?"  asked  Minerva  frowning.  "People  who 
are  really  brave  never  have  time  to  do  foolish 
things.  There  are  so  many  things  in  the  world 
to  be  brave  about  that  it  isn't  necessary  to  make 
up  extra  dangers  to  prove  your  courage.  Don't 
you  think  it  would  look  silly  for  a  fireman  to 
wave  a  tin  can  full  of  burning  paper  around  his 


158  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

head  to  prove  that  he  isn't  afraid  of  fire?  Or  for 
the  member  of  a  life-saving  crew  to  rock  a  boat 
just  to  show  that  he  isn't  afraid  of  water? 

"Brave  people  don't  do  dangerous  things  unless 
it  is  necessary.  You  know  that  life  is  the  most 
wonderful  thing  in  the  world.  If  you  do  silly 
things,  like  jumping  on  the  back  of  moving  wagons 
or  playing  with  fire,  you  are  putting  your  life  in 
danger. 

"Perhaps  you  have  heard  people  say,  'He  is 
as  timid  as  a  mouse.'  Mice  are  great  cowards. 
Once  they  had  a  meeting  and  decided  that  the 
only  way  to  be  safe  was  to  hang  a  bell  around 
Mrs.  Cat's  neck  so  that  they  would  hear  her  com- 
ing. And  yet  not  one  single  mouse  could  be 
found  who  would  face  the  very  real  danger  of 
'belling  the  cat.' 

"The  next  day  two  mice  who  had  been  at  the 
meeting  came  upon  a  mouse-trap.  'What  a 
queer-looking  thing!'  said  one.  'It  has  toasted 
cheese  in  it  too,  um — um!' 

"I  know  where  to  find  some  cheese  on  the 
pantry  shelf,'  said  the  other.  'I  don't  like  the 
look  of  that  thing.' 

'"Fraid  cat!'  jeered  the  first  mouse.  'I  dare 
you  to  put  your  head  in.'  Of  course,  the  two  little 


160  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

mice  had  to  stick  their  heads  in  after  that,  and 
click!  they  were  caught  fast.  If  they  had  died 
belling  the  cat,  they  would  have  been  remembered 
forever  as  great  heroes.  As  it  was,  the  old  grand- 
father mice  shook  their  heads  gravely  and  said, 
'How  very  silly!' 

"Always  remember  this:  It  isn't  a  proof  of 
courage  to  take  a  dare.  Brave  people  fear  danger. 
They  face  it  only  to  save  the  lives  of  others  or  to 
do  their  duty.  They  never  risk  their  lives  to 
'show  off'  or  to  do  foolish  things.  They  know 
that  they  can  have  just  as  much  fun  doing  safe 
things  as  dangerous  ones." 

Tom  looked  serious  and  nodded  his  head.  "I'll 
remember,"  he  promised.  Then  he  shouted, 
"Why,  we're  almost  in  Happy  Village.  I  see  the 
red  roof  of  the  farmhouse." 

"So  we  are,"  said  Minerva  peering  ahead. 
"You  have  just  time  to  learn  the  law  of  careful- 
ness, and  to  answer  the  questions  on  the  lesson 
before  we  reach  it." 

This  is  the  law: 

I  must  be  careful  about  fire 

And  crowded  streets  and  hanging  wire; 

I  must  not  take  a  foolish  dare 

Or  play  with  danger  anywhere. 


CAREFULNESS  161 

These  are  the  questions  that  Tom  and  Sally 
answered : 

1.  Name  three  things  that  are  your  friends  when  you 
treat  them  properly  and  your  enemies  when  you  are  care- 
less with  them. 

2.  How  can  we  be  careful  about  fire? 

3.  Elsie  and  Ted  were  in  the  living-room  when  little  Ethel 
ran  too  near  the  open  fire.     As  her  light  dress  flamed  up, 
Elsie  opened  the  outside  door  and  screamed  for  help.    Ted 
pulled  Ethel  to  the  floor  and  rolled  her  up  in  the  big  rug. 
Why  was  Elsie's  action  dangerous?    Why  was  Ted's  wise? 

4.  Tell  the  story  of  Phaeton  and  the  chariot  of  the  sun. 

5.  How  can  we  be  careful  about  water? 

6.  How  can  we  guard  against  harm  from  electricity? 

7.  WTiat  is  the  proper  way  to  step  off  a  trolley  car? 

8.  What  is  the  proper  way  to  cross  a  crowded  street? 

9.  Bob  likes  to  dash  across  the  street  while  the  traffic  is 
moving.     He  says,  "Why  not?     The  policeman  has  never 
caught  me  at  it."    What  do  you  think  of  his  remark? 

10.  Mr.  Perkins  was  burning  a  great  heap  of  leaves  in  his 
front  yard.    Two  boys  came  along.     "I  dare  you  to  jump 
over  that  fire,"  said  one  of  them.     Do  you  think  the  other 
boy  should  have  taken  the  dare?    Why? 

11.  Why  is  it  not  a  brave  thing  to  take  a  dare? 

12.  Tell  a  story  to  show  that  taking  a  dare  is  not  a  proof 
of  courage. 

13.  Make  a  set  of  safety  rules  regarding  things  that  you 
yourself  need  to  be  especially  careful  about. 

14.  Imagine  that  you  live  in  a  big  city.     You  are  talking 
to  your  cousin  who  lives  in  the  country.     Describe  a  play- 
ground in  a  fenced-off  street  and  tell  about  the  games  that  are 
played  there. 


CHAPTER  XVII 
HAPPY  VILLAGE 

Minerva  left  the  party  at  the  outskirts  of  Happy 
Village,  but  Mercury  stayed  with  the  children, 
as  he  was  to  guide  them  on  their  tour  of  inspec- 
tion. "We'll  go  into  the  barn  of  the  farm  first," 
said  Mercury. 

Inside  the  barn  they  found  the  farmer  washing 
his  hands  at  a  faucet  set  in  the  wall.  "He's 
going  to  milk  the  cow,"  whispered  Mercury. 
"In  the  Land  of  Health  all  cows  are  milked  with 
clean  hands." 

The  children  followed  the  farmer  as  he  went 
with  his  shining  pail  into  the  cow's  stable.  It 
was  sweet-smelling  and  clean.  After  the  farmer 
had  milked  his  pail  full,  he  gave  each  of  the  chil- 
dren a  drink. 

Then  Mercury  and  the  children  left  the  farm 
and  walked  down  the  village  street  toward  the 
grocery  store.  "The  cities  of  the  Land  of  Health 
get  their  milk  from  big  dairy  farms  where  hun- 
dreds of  cows  are  kept,"  explained  Mercury  as 
they  went  along.  "Every  single  cow  is  kept  as 

162 


HAPPY  VILLAGE  163 

clean  as  the  one  you  have  just  seen.  The  cans 
in  which  the  milk  is  sent  to  the  cities  are  scoured 
every  day  until  they  shine. 

"Every  person  who  handles  the  milk,  from  the 
men  who  milk  the  cows  to  the  men  who  put  the 
bottles  on  the  doorsteps  in  the  cities,  must  be 
very  careful  that  the  milk  is  kept  pure  and  clean. 
The  people  who  use  the  milk  are  careful  about  it 
too.  They  never  leave  it  in  an  uncovered  bottle 
or  dish.  They  wash  off  the  top  of  the  bottle 
before  they  pour  out  the  milk  and  they  keep  the 
milk  in  a  cool  place." 

By  this  time  the  little  party  had  arrived  at  the 
grocery  store.  The  grocer  was  standing  on  the 
steps  looking  up  at  the  sky.  A  great  white  apron 
almost  covered  him  from  top  to  toe,  and  he  smiled 
all  over  his  fat  red  face  when  he  saw  the  children. 
"A  fine  day!  A  fine  day!"  he  exclaimed,  rubbing 
his  hands. 

"Mr.  Button,  this  is  Tom  and  this  is  Sally," 
said  Mercury,  introducing  them  to  each  other. 
"They  have  come  to  inspect  your  grocery  store." 

"Well,  this  is  a  surprise,"  said  Mr.  'Button, 
opening  the  screen  door.  "Walk  in!  Walk  in! 
I'm  always  glad  to  have  callers." 

A  long  counter  with  glass  cases  covering  half 


164 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


of  it  ran  along  one  side  of  the  room,  and  on  the 
other  side  stood  a  row  of  bins,  barrels,  and  boxes. 
In  the  back  Tom  saw  a  butcher's  block.  Rows 
and  rows  of  tin  cans  lined  the  shelves  around  the 


The  enemy  germs  can't  do  any  harm  in  this  grocery  store. 

walls.  The  store  was  spotless.  Sally  couldn't 
see  a  single  fly. 

"You  can  see,  children,"  said  Mercury,  "that 
all  the  food  is  kept  covered.  The  meat  is  in  a 
cold  room  at  the  back.  A  fly  wouldn't  find  any- 
thing to  eat,  even  if  he  could  get  in." 

Mr.  Button  bustled  about  and  showed  the 
children  where  he  kept  everything.  Diving  down 
into  the  cool  depths  of  a  barrel,  he  came  up  with 
two  shiny  red  apples.  Tom  reached  out  his  hand. 

"Not  so  fast,  young  man,"  said  Mr.  Button. 


HAPPY  VILLAGE  165 

"You're  in  the  Land  of  Health,  you  know."  He 
went  to  a  faucet  behind  the  counter,  washed  the 
apples,  and  dried  them  on  a  clean  cloth. 

"Can't  be  too  careful,"  he  said,  giving  each 
of  the  children  an  apple.  "We  think  we  have 
conquered  the  enemy  germs,  but  they  manage 
to  hide  themselves,  even  in  the  Land  of  Health. 
I  know  them!  They  can't  fool  me."  His  face 
became  so  red  with  rage  that  Tom  was  sure  it 
would  burst. 

"Thank  you  very  much,  Mr.  Button,"  said 
Mercury,  drawing  the  children  to  the  door.  "We 
must  go  now.  Wre  have  to  inspect  the  school 
before  closing  time." 

"Sorry  you  can't  stay  longer,"  replied  Mr. 
Button,  calming  down  as  he  opened  the  door. 
"Come  again,  won't  you?" 

When  the  party  was  in  the  street  once  more, 
Sally  almost  doubled  up  with  laughter.  "What 
a  funny  little  man!"  she  exclaimed. 

"Yes,"  said  Mercury  smiling,  "but  he  knows 
his  business.  He  is  very  kind-hearted,  but  the 
very  thought  of  germs  puts  him  in  a  great  rage. 
Here  we  are  at  the  school,"  he  went  on,  opening 
a  little  gate. 

The  schoolhouse  was  of  red  brick.     It  was  sur- 


166  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

rounded  by  a  large  playground.  A  baseball 
diamond  was  laid  out  at  one  side,  and  under  an 
elm  tree  in  the  corner  were  swings  and  sand  piles. 
Mercury  and  the  children  marched  up  to  the 
door  of  the  schoolhouse.  "This  is  a  three-room 
school,"  whispered  Mercury,  walking  in  with- 
out knocking. 

Across  the  hall  through  a  partly  opened  door, 
Tom  and  Sally  saw  a  pleasant,  sunshiny  room 
with  the  windows  open,  top  and  bottom.  Mer- 
cury poked  his  head  through  the  opening  and 
caught  the  teacher's  eye.  She  nodded  and  smiled, 
and  Mercury  turned  to  the  children  behind 
him.  "It's  all  right,"  he  whispered,  "we  can 
go  in." 

They  tiptoed  in  and  took  seats  at  the  back. 
Tom  and  Sally  saw  that  the  children  were  about 
their  own  age.  A  scale  stood  against  one  wall, 
and  beside  it  hung  a  sheet  for  putting  down  the 
heights  and  weights  of  all  the  children. 

"Do  you  see  that  all  the  children  are  sitting 
with  backs  straight  and  feet  touching  the  floor?" 
whispered  Mercury. 

A  water  cooler  stood  near  the  teacher's  desk, 
and  Tom  saw  one  boy  make  himself  a  paper  cup 
and  then  get  a  drink.  "I'll  show  you  how  he 


HAPPY  VILLAGE 


167 


did  it,"  said  Mercury,  pulling  a  piece  of  paper 
out  of  the  desk  at  which  he  was  sitting.  Soon 
Tom  found  that  he  could  make  a  cup  as  fast  as 
any  of  the  other  children. 

Then  the  teacher  spoke  to  Mercury.     "It  is 
time  for  the  class  in  the  government  and  history 


A  Piece  of  Paper 
7  Inches  Square 


t>/    FofdAonB 
along the Line 
#-  C 


Fold  D  on  r 

on  the  Line 

A  -  -C 


Insert  A  in  fold  B  Back  and 

Fold  Con  E  overD.  Double  Foldo/  C       Open  atony  t/ieLmeE  F 

This  is  how  Mercury  taught  Tom  to  make  a  paper  drinking  cup. 
See  if  you  can  make  one. 

of  the  Land  of  Health,"  she  said.  "Would  you 
and  your  friends  like  to  stay  and  hear  the  chil- 
dren recite?" 

"Yes,  indeed,"  replied  Mercury.  "We'd  like 
it  very  much." 

The  class  moved  to  the  front  of  the  room  and 
sat  down. 


168  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"John,"  began  the  teacher,  "please  describe 
the  government  of  the  Land  of  Health." 

John,  a  rosy-cheeked  boy,  stood  up.  "The 
Land  of  Health  is  governed  by  Queen  Nature 
and  her  ministers,  Mr.  Wind,  Madame  Rain, 
my  Lord  the  Sun,  Sir  Food,  and  Lady  Sleep. 
Queen  Nature  makes  the  laws  and  the  ministers 
see  that  they  are  carried  out.  Judge  Scales  can 
tell  Queen  Nature  whether  the  citizens  have 
obeyed  the  laws  or  not. 

"Citizens  must  be  weighed  each  month  and 
measured  every  four  months.  If  they  weigh 
what  they  should  for  their  height  and  age,  Queen 
Nature  knows  they  have  been  keeping  her  laws. 
If  any  citizens  are  below  their  proper  weight, 
they  must  leave  the  country.  They  can  come 
back  just  as  soon  as  Judge  Scales  tells  Queen 
Nature  that  they  are  keeping  the  laws  again." 

"That  is  very  good,"  said  the  teacher,  smiling 
at  John.  "Dorothy,  please  tell  us  how  Happy 
Village  won  a  place  in  the  Land  of  Health." 

Dorothy  began  talking  before  she  left  her  seat. 
"Happy  Village  was  once  called  Grumpytown. 
It  was  just  over  the  border  in  the  country  of  the 
enemy.  One  day  a  boy  named  Jack,  who  lived 
in  the  town,  thought  he  would  like  to  see  the 


HAPPY  VILLAGE 


169 


world.  He  was  an  unpleasant  little  boy  and  very 
dirty.  One  night  he  managed  to  crawl  through 
a  hole  that  he  cut  in  the  screen  wall  with  a  pocket 
knife.  He  wandered  along  through  the  dark 
until  just  at  dawn  he  came  to  the  City  of  Smiles. 


Grumpy  Jack  sees  a  smile  for  the  first  time  in  his  life. 

The  first  person  he  met  was  a  red-cheeked  old 
lady,  who  held  up  her  hands  and  said  'Alack-a- 
day!'  when  she  saw  Jack.  'How  did  such  a  very 
dirty  little  boy  ever  get  into  the  Land  of  Health?' 
she  wondered  out  loud.  Then  she  smiled. 

"A  queer  thing  happened  to  Jack.  He  felt 
warm  and  cosy  inside.  He  had  never  seen  a 
smile  before.  The  old  lady  took  him  into  her 


170  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

cottage,  washed  his  face  and  hands  with  warm 
water  and  soap,  and  gave  him  a  large  glass  of 
milk  and  a  thick  slice  of  brown  bread  and  butter. 
Jack  had  never  tasted  anything  so  good  in  his 
life  before.  He  liked  the  old  lady  and  her  smile 
so  much  that  he  stayed  with  her  a  long  time. 

"He  was  a  curious  boy,  you  remember,  or  he 
would  never  have  wanted  to  go  out  and  see  the 
world.  While  he  was  in  the  City  of  Smiles,  he 
learned  what  a  village  or  a  city  must  be  like  to 
be  in  the  Land  of  Health.  He  also  learned  to 
smile. 

"One  night  he  went  back  to  Grumpy  town. 
He  could  hardly  squeeze  through  the  hole  he  had 
made  in  the  wall  because  he  had  gained  so  many 
pounds.  The  next  morning  he  went  up  and  down 
the  dirty  streets  smiling  at  every  one  he  met, 
until  all  the  people  in  the  town  felt  pleasant 
inside.  Then  he  stood  up  on  a  pile  of  boxes  and 
made  a  speech.  He  told  the  people  what  he  had 
seen  in  the  Land  of  Health  and  how  fine  it  was 
to  belong  to  that  country.  A  few  old  graybeards 
shook  their  heads,  but  Jack  and  his  smile  carried 
the  day. 

"A  Village  Improvement  Society  was  formed 
with  Jack  at  the  head.  He  soon  had  all  the  boys 


Class-Room  Weight  Record 


When  Tom  and  Sally  visited  the  schoolroom  in  Happy  Village, 
they  noticed  that  the  children  wrote  their  own  names  and 
what  they  weighed  each  month  on  the  Class-Room  Weight 
Record. 

(Upper  portion  of  Class-Room  Weight  Record.     Used  by 
courtesy  of  the  Child  Health  Organization  of  America.) 


171 


172  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

and  girls  picking  up  papers  and  tin  cans  and  fruit 
skins  from  the  sidewalks.  Trees  and  flowers 
were  planted  along  all  the  streets.  The  grown- 
up people  had  a  meeting  and  voted  money  for  a 
Street  Cleaning  Department  and  a  Board  of 
Health.  Every  citizen  painted  his  house  and 
cleaned  up  his  own  dooryard  The  people  in 
Grumpytown  had  never  liked  each  other,  but  as 
soon  as  they  learned  to  smile,  they  found  it  was 
fun  to  play  and  work  together. 

"The  citizens  of  the  Land  of  Health  didn't 
know  what  was  going  on  in  Grumpytown.  Jack 
wanted  to  surprise  them.  One  morning  when 
the  town  was  as  clean  and  lovely  as  it  is  to-day, 
Jack  went  over  to  the  wall  and  invited  Yellow 
and  Mr.  Wind  to  pay  a  visit  to  the  village.  They 
didn't  want  to  go  at  all,  because  they  hated 
Grumpytown  and  had  always  been  treated  very 
rudely  whenever  they  had  been  there  before. 
But  they  thought  it  was  their  duty  to  go. 

"They  were  the  most  surprised  persons  you 
ever  met  when  they  saw  the  beautiful  place 
Grumpytown  had  become.  They  ran  back  to  the 
wall  and  gave  an  order.  The  wall  rose  right  up 
in  the  air  and  sailed  over  the  town  and  came 
down  on  the  other  side.  Queen  Nature  was  so 


HAPPY  VILLAGE  173 

pleased  that  she  renamed  the  town  Happy  Vil- 
lage." 

Sally  clapped  her  hands.  "Oh,  what  a  lovely 
story!"  she  cried.  Then  she  looked  frightened. 
She  had  forgotten  she  was  in  school.  The  teacher 
smiled  at  her.  "It  doesn't  matter,"  she  said 
kindly.  "It's  almost  time  for  school  to  be  dis- 
missed. We  will  all  go,  after  Peter  has  told  us 
the  duties  of  the  Happy  Village  Board  of  Health." 

Peter  jumped  to  his  feet.  "The  Board  of  Health 
is  responsible  for  the  health  of  the  whole  com- 
munity," he  began.  "If  a  germ  should  manage 
to  find  its  way  past  the  guardians  of  the  wall, 
and  give  a  boy  or  girl  measles  or  scarlet  fever, 
the  Board  of  Health  sees  to  it  that  the  disease 
doesn't  have  a  chance  to  spread.  Special  doctors 
and  nurses  belonging  to  the  Board  of  Health 
spend  all  their  time  guarding  the  health  of  the 
citizens." 

When  Peter  had  finished  his  recitation,  the 
teacher  dismissed  the  school.  Tom  and  Mer- 
cury and  Sally  marched  out  with  the  school 
children.  Across  the  street  from  the  school  the 
Town  Hall  stood.  "We  will  visit  that  next," 
said  Mercury  with  a  twinkle  in  his  eye,  "and  on 
the  way,  I  will  ask  you  the  questions." 


174  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

These  were  his  questions: 

1.  How  is  milk  taken  care  of  to  keep  it  clean? 

2.  Think  of  some  grocery  store  that  you  know.    Describe 
it  and  tell  why  you  think  the  food  from  it  would  be  clean 
or  dirty. 

3.  Eleanor  was  very  small.     She  wanted  to  sit  in  one  of 
the  back  seats  in  the  classroom  where  the  taller  girls  sat. 
Why  do  you   suppose  the  teacher  would  not  let  Eleanor 
change  her  seat? 

4.  "Nancy  is  a  selfish  girl,"  said  Elsie.    "She  tore  up  her 
paper  drinking  cup  after  she  had  used  it  instead  of  letting 
me  use  it."    What  do  you  think  about  Nancy? 

5.  In  what  way  can  your  teacher  or   your  parents  tell 
whether  you  have  been  keeping  the  rules  of  health? 

6.  What  do  you  think  were  the  main  reasons  that  Grumpy- 
town  became  Happy  Village? 

7.  What  does   the   Board  of  Health  do  for  a  town? 

8.  If  Jack  had  started  an  Improvement  Society  in  your 
town,  what  would  he  have  found  to  do? 

9.  Make  up  a  little  play  about  Grumpy  town  and  Happy 
Village.    The  play  may  begin  where  Jack  comes  back  from 
the  Land  of  Health. 


CHAPTER  XVIII 

FULL    CITIZENSHIP    IN    THE    LAND    OF 
HEALTH 

"We'll  go  to  the  courtroom  first  of  all,"  said 
Mercury  as  he  and  the  children  entered  the  Town 
Hall.  Tom  and  Sally  tiptoed  breathlessly  up 
the  wide  marble  steps.  They  knew  that  some- 
thing was  going  to  happen,  for  Mercury  had  been 
chuckling  and  winking  at  every  one  he  passed. 
At  last  they  reached  the  big  double  doors  of 
the  courtroom.  The  children  saw  Yellow  stand- 
ing in  front  of  them. 

"Goodness,  but  you're  slow,"  he  grumbled. 
"We've  been  waiting  for  you  fifteen  minutes." 

"Well,  well,"  said  Mercury  cheerfully,  "no 
one  ever  called  me  slow  before." 

Yellow  didn't  pay  any  attention  to  him.  "  Shut 
your  eyes,  children,"  he  said  excitedly.  Tom 
and  Sally  screwed  up  their  eyes  tight.  Mercury 
took  hold  of  Tom's  hand  and  Yellow  held  Sally's. 
"Now!"  cried  Yellow,  "open  your  eyes." 

"Open  your  eyes,  children,"  said  a  kind  voice 

that  they  seemed  to  know. 

175 


176  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Tom  and  Sally  stood  blinking  in  astonishment 
at  what  they  saw  when  their  eyes  flew  open.  On 
a  high  seat  at  the  front  of  the  room  sat  Dame  Na- 
ture in  a  beautiful  gown  of  green  velvet.  She 
wore  a  crown  of  apple  blossoms.  At  her  right 
hand  sat  Sir  Food  and  Lady  Sleep,  and  at  her 
left  were  Mr.  Wind  and  Madame  Rain.x  Sir  Food 
Jiad  on  new  red  trousers,  a  yellow  waistcoat,  and 
a  high  white  collar.  He  had  left  off  his  cap  and 
apron  in  honor  of  the  occasion.  He  winked  at 
Tom  very  solemnly. 

At  Dame  Nature's  feet  sat  the  six  courtiers 
of  my  Lord  the  Sun:  Red,  Orange,  Yellow,  Green 
Blue,  and  Violet.  Yellow  grinned  at  Tom.  "Don't 
you  wish  you  could  change  places  as  quickly  as  I 
can?"  he  called. 

"Silence!"  thundered  a  voice  from  the  right 
side  of  the  room.  Both  children  turned  to  see  who 
had  spoken.  They  saw  Judge  Scales  standing 
on  a  platform.  ^  He  looked  stiff er  than  ever. 
"Come  over  here,  you  two,"  he  said,  clearing 
his  throat. 

The  teacher  was  standing  beside  the  platform 
and  all  her  children  were  sitting  in  seats  facing 
it.  The  teacher  told  Sally  to  step  up  on  the  plat- 
form. Then  she  pulled  a  rod  out  of  one  of  Judge 


Tom  and  Sally,  when  their  eyes  flew  open,  found  themselves  before 
Dame  Nature  and  her  ministers. 


177 


178  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Scales's  pockets  and  measured  her.  After  that 
the  Judge  rattled  a  great  deal  and  cleared  his 
throat  several  times.  Finally  he  announced: 
"She  weighs  58  pounds.  How  tall  is  she  and  what 
is  her  age?" 

"She  is  50  inches  tall  and  she  was  nine  on  her 
last  birthday,"  said  the  teacher. 

Judge  Scales's  face  broke  into  a  smile.  "  Good ! " 
he  cried.  "Congratulations!  You  have  passed 
the  first  test  with  high  honors.  Now,  young  sir, 
let  us  see  if  you  can  do  as  well  as  your  sister." 

Tom  stepped  boldly  on  the  platform  and  was 
measured.  After  more  clanking  and  rattling,  the 
Judge  said,  "63  pounds." 

The  teacher  then  announced:  "He  is  51  inches 
tall  and  he  was  ten  years  old  on  his  last  birth- 
day." 

"Well,  upon  my  word!"  said  the  Judge,  "you 
have  done  very  well,  young  man.  They  both 
weigh  exactly  the  number  of  pounds  they  should, 
Madame,"  he  said,  turning  to  Dame  Nature.  "I 
recommend  that  you  proceed  with  the  rest  of 
the  examination." 

Mercury,  who  had  been  standing  near  the  door, 
now  led  the  children  to  the  foot  of  the  throne 
on  which  Dame  Nature  sat  surrounded  by  her 


CITIZENSHIP  IN  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

ministers.  "I  am  so  glad  that  you  have  passed 
the  weight  test,"  said  Dame  Nature  smiling. 
"The  rest  will  be  easy.  You  may  begin,"  she 
said,  nodding  to  Mr.  Wind. 


Sally  begins  her  examination  for  citizenship  papers. 

Mr.  Wind  puffed  out  his  cheeks  to  look 
very  fierce,  but  Tom  saw  the  twinkle  in  his  eye. 
"Tom,"  he  said,  "what  is  the  law  about  fresh 
air?" 

Tom  recited  promptly: 


180  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

"I  must  always  breathe  fresh  air 
In  rainy  weather  and  in  fair." 

"Right!"  said  Mr.  Wind.  "Sally,  repeat  the 
law  on  exercise." 

Sally  looked  a  little  frightened,  but  she  put 
her  shoulders  back  and  held  up  her  head.  Then 
she  remembered  this  law: 

"I  must  hold  my  body  straight, 

Bold  and  fearless,  all  day  long. 

I  must  try,  in  work  and  play, 

To  make  my  muscles  firm  and  strong." 

She  said  it  so  well  that  every  one  clapped. 
Mr.  Wind  looked  as  if  he  were  very  much  pleased 
with  himself.  He  bowed  to  Dame  Nature.  "Ma- 
dame," he  said,  "these  children  are  a  great  credit 
to  me.  I  pass  them  with  honor  to  Madame  Rain." 

Madame  Rain  stepped  forward,  patter — pat- 
ter. "Tom,"  she  tinkled  in  a  voice  like  falling 
water,  "please  tell  us  the  third  law  of  the  Land 
of  Health." 

Tom  cleared  his  throat,  and  then  gave  this  law: 

"Four  glasses  full  of  water 
I  must  drink  each  day; 

If  I'm  not  sure 

That  it  is  pure, 
I'll  boil  the  germs  away." 


CITIZENSHIP  IN  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH       181 

Madame  Rain  nodded  and  smiled.  "Please 
recite  the  law  of  cleanliness,  Sally." 

Sally  felt  very  sure  of  herself  now.  She  spoke 
her  lines  in  a  good  clear  voice: 

"I  must  give  the  best  of  care 
To  my  skin  and  to  my  hair; 
Twice  a  week  at  least,  I  know 
That  I  must  bathe  from  head  to  toe." 

"Now  then,"  said  Madame  Rain,  "both  of 
you  show  these  people  how  to  clean  their  teeth." 

Tom  and  Sally  grinned,  showing  their  own 
white,  even  teeth.  Then  they  chanted  together, 
making  the  motions  with  their  hands: 

"Up  and  down, 
And  round  and  round, 
I  brush  my  teeth, 
To  keep  them  sound. 
To  keep  them  sound 
And  clean  and  white, 
I  brush  them  morning, 
Noon,  and  night." 

Every  one  laughed  and  clapped.  Madame 
Rain's  face  looked  like  a  rainbow.  "I'm  proud 
of  you,"  she  said  to  the  children.  "I  pass  you 
to  Sir  Food." 

Sir  Food  bustled  forward  and  stuck  one  hand 


182  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

in  his  yellow  waistcoat.  He  puckered  his  brow 
and  thought  for  a  moment.  Then  he  looked  at 
Tom.  "Attention,  young  man!  What  is  the  law 
about  food?" 

Tom  spoke  up  briskly: 

"The  proper  foods  for  me  to  eat 

Are  simple  ones  and  clean. 

A  pint  of  milk  each  day  I  need, 

And  vegetables  green. 

The  time  to  eat  is  during  meals, 

And  never  in  between." 

Sir  Food  rubbed  his  hands  with  glee.  "Very 
good,"  he  exploded.  "Now,  Sally,  what  is  the 
law  about  removing  waste  from  the  body?" 

Sally  replied  quickly: 

"Every  day  I  must  take  pride 
In  cleaning  out  myself  inside." 

Sir  Food  nodded   at  her  pleasantly,  and  then 
asked   Tom   to   give   the    law   about   stimulants. 
Tom  chanted: 

"Coffee,  alcohol,  and  tea, 
I  know  are  very  bad  for  me." 

Turning  to  Lady  Sleep,  Sir  Food  announced 
grandly:  "I  pass  them  both.  They  are  now 
ready  for  your  examination." 


CITIZENSHIP  IN  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH      183 

Lady  Sleep  in  a  low  voice  asked  Tom  and  Sally 
to  repeat  the  law  on  sleep  together. 
They  promptly  recited: 

"To  keep  my  body  at  its  best, 
Eleven  hours  I  must  rest. 
At  eight  to  bed  and  up  at  seven 
Will  surely  count  up  to  eleven." 

The  six  courtiers  of  my  Lord  the  Sun  began 
to  count  very  fast  on  their  fingers.  Every  one 
watched  breathlessly  until  they  had  finished. 
"Right!"  cried  Yellow  at  last.  "Now  then, 
Tom,  what  does  sunlight  do  to  germs?" 

Tom  shouted: 

"If  you »want  the  germs  to  run, 
Let  them  see  my  Lord  the  Sun!  " 

"And   what   should   you   do,    yourself,    to   be 
sure  not  to  get  germ  diseases?" 
Tom  continued: 

"Sickness  germs  I  must  defeat, 
And  so  I  wash  before  I  eat; 
I  never  touch  my  nose  or  lips 
With  pencils,  coins,  or  finger-tips. 
I  keep  away  from  those  who  sneeze, 
For  they  may  have  a  germ  disease; 
And  when  I  cough  or  sneeze  or  sniff, 
I  do  it  in  a  handkerchief." 


184  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Yellow  turned  to  Sally.     "What  do  you  know 
about  clothes?"  he  asked. 
Sally  answered: 

"Wool  or  cotton,  fur  or  leather, 
Proper  clothing  suits  the  weather; 
Loose  it  is  from  neck  to  feet, 
And  always  tidy,  clean,  and  sweet." 

"I'm  just  in  time,  am  I  not?"  said  a  voice 
from  the  door.  Tom  and  Sally  turned  to  see 
Minerva  standing  there  with  an  owl  perched  on 
her  shoulder.  "Tom,"  she  said,  "tell  them  the 
law  about  carefulness." 

Tom  had  it  on  the  tip  of  his  tongue: 

"I  must  be  careful  about  fire 

And  crowded  streets  and  hanging  wire; 

I  must  not  take  a  foolish  dare 

Or  play  with  danger  anywhere." 

"Be  sure  you  don't  forget  it,"  said  Minerva, 
as  she  turned  to  go. 

Dame  Nature  then  stood  up.  "Tom  and 
Sally,"  she  said,  "you  have  done  very  well  in- 
deed. We  are  all  glad  to  welcome  you  into  full 
citizenship  in  the  Land  of  Health.  First  you 
must  make  the  promise  of  allegiance.  Judge 


CITIZENSHIP  IN  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH       185 

Scales,"     she   said,   turning    to  that    gentleman, 
"will  you  read  it  to  them?" 

The  Judge  stood  up  and  felt  around  in  his 
pockets.  At  last  he  pulled  from  one  of  them  a 
paper  that  he  unrolled  with  great  ceremony. 
"  Hold  up  your  right  hands,"  he  commanded. 
"  Now  repeat  this  promise  after  me."  The  room 
became  very  still  as  first  the  rumbling  voice  of 
the  Judge,  and  then  the  clear  high  voices  of  Tom 
and  Sally  recited  this  promise  of  allegiance: 

I  promise  to  obey  all  the 
laws  of  the  Land  of  Health  as 
long  as  I  live.  I  will  work  with 
others  to  fight  the  enemy 
germs,  and  to  extend  the  ter- 
ritory of  the  Land  of  Health. 

Then  the  Judge  took  two  more  papers  from 
one  of  his  pockets  and  handed  them  to  Dame 
Nature.  As  she  gave  them  to  Tom  and  Sally, 
all  the  people  in  the  courtroom  stood  up.  They 
watched  with  eager  eyes  as  the  children  read 
their  certificates  of  citizenship  in  the  Land  of 
Health. 

"  Read  it  out  loud,"  cried  Yellow  to  Tom,  as 
if  he  couldn't  keep  still  any  longer.  And  this 
is  what  Tom  read: 


To  ALL  WHOM  IT  MAY  CONCERN 

This  is  to  certify  that  *Jom 
weighs  what  he  should  for  his 
height  and  age. 

His  cheeks  are  rosy,  his  eyes 
are  bright,  and  he  holds  himself 
straight. 

He  knows  all  the  laws  of  the 
Land  of  Health. 

He  is  hereby  admitted  to  full 
citizenship  in  the  Land  of 
Health,  to  enjoy  all  the  rights 
and  privileges,  and  to  share  all 
the  duties  that  citizenship  brings 
with  it. 


EXERCISES  THAT  HELP  YOU  TO  BE 
STRONG  AND   WELL1 

BY  WALTER  CAMP 

Here  are  a  few  exercises  or  games  that  will 
help  every  boy  and  girl  to  become  stronger  and 
better  at  his  games  and  his  work.  These  games 
are  called  setting-up  exercises.  They  are  exercises 
to  make  the  body  grow  properly,  to  make  you 
stand  properly,  to  enable  you  to  have  good  lungs 
and  a  good  heart,  and  to  have,  as  you  grow  up,  a 
better  chance  for  that  health  and  enjoyment  which 
is  the  best  part  of  life. 

With  the  descriptions  below,  and  with  the  help 
of  teachers  or  parents  or  big  brothers,  any  child 
can  easily  learn  to  do  these  exercises. 

WINDING   UP   THE    CLOCK 

The  first  of  the  exercises  we  will  call  "Winding 
Up  the  Clock,"  because,  if  you  do  it  properly,  you 
will  make  circles  with  your  hands,  while  your 
shoulders  feel  as  though  they  were  turning,  and 
your  shoulder  blades  feel  as  if  they  \vere  almost 
meeting  at  the  back. 

1  Copyright,  1920,  by  Charles  E.  Merrill  Co. 
187 


188  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Always  stand  squarely  on  the  feet  with  heels 
separated  about  5  inches,  and  feet  pointing  near- 
ly straight  forward,  arms 
hanging  easily  at  the  sides, 
chest  slightly  raised,  and 
head  up. 

FIRST  EXERCISE.  Raise 
arms  sideways  to  horizon- 
tal position.  Turn  the 
palms  upward  and  force 
the  arms  back  as  far  as 
lg<  '  possible.  While  in  this 

position,  count  slowly  from  one  to  four,  and  at 
each  count  describe  a  complete  circle  about  12 
inches  in  diameter,  the  arms  remaining  stiff  and 
pivoting  from  the  shoulders.  Then  reverse  the 
direction  of  the  circles,  and  do  another  four.  See 
Fig.  I- 

PLAYING  THE  BIRD 

The  second  of  these  exercises  we  will  call  "Play- 
ing the  Bird,"  for  the  motions,  as  you  will  easily 
see,  are  like  those  of  a  gull's  wings,  the  arms  and 
hands  being  lifted  up  to  an  angle  of  about  45 
degrees  and  then  lowered  until  they  are  horizontal. 
At  the  same  time  you  go  up  on  your  toes  and 


EXERCISES  189 

breathe  in,  filling  the  lungs  as  the  arms  go  up,  and 
letting  the  breath  come  out  again  as  arms  and  feet 
go  down. 

SECOND  EXERCISE.  Raise  arms  sideways  to  hori- 
zontal. While  taking  a  deep  breath,  raise  the  arms 
to  an  angle  of  45  degrees,  and  also  raise  the  heels 
until  you  are  resting  on  the  balls  of  the  feet.  Then, 
while  you  slowly  let  out  the  breath,  come  back  to 
the  original  position,  feet  flat  on  the  floor,  arms 
horizontal.  Be  careful  not  to  raise  the  arms  more 
than  45  degrees,  or  return  them  to  below  hori- 
zontal. Do  this  four  times.  See  Fig.  II. 

UNDER  THE  Low  BRIDGE 

The  third  exercise  we  will  call  "Under  the  Low 
Bridge."  When  you  follow  the  directions,  you  will 
find  that  you  are  stooping  down  with  your  fingers 
pressed  against  the  back  of  your  head,  but  that  you 
are  looking  up  as  if  you  wanted  to  make  sure  that 
you  would  go  safely  under  the  bridge. 

THIRD  EXERCISE.  Raise  arms,  as  before,  to  hori- 
zontal. Place  hands  behind  the  neck,  index  fingers 
touching,  elbows  forced  back.  While  in  this  posi- 
tion, bend  the  body  slowly  forward  from  the 
wraist  as  far  as  possible.  Keep  the  head  up  as  you 
go  down,  so  that  the  eyes  are  still  looking  forward 


190 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


Fig.  II.  Fig.  HI. 

or  toward  the  leader,  if  you  are  doing  the  exercise 
with  a  group  of  other  children.  Return  to  upright 
position,  and  bend  backward  just  a  little.  Do  not 
make  these  movements  jerky  and  do  not  hurry 
through  them.  Repeat  the  whole  movement, 
bending  forward,  then  straightening  up,  then  bend- 
ing backward  four  times.  See  Fig.  III. 

DRINKING  THE  Am 

We  will  call  the  fourth  exercise  "Drinking  the 
Air,"  for  that  is  what  it  really  is.  By  following  the 
directions,  you  curl  your  fists  up  under  your  arm- 
pits, at  the  same  time  drawing  in  the  breath  and 
letting  the  head  and  shoulders  go  back  until  you 
are  looking  up  straight  in  the  air.  Then,  as  you 


EXERCISES  191 

put  the  arms  forward  and  commence  to  bend 
down,  you  breathe  out,  letting  the  air  go  slowly 
out  of  your  lungs  while  the  hands  and  arms  go 
back  past  the  body  and  up  as  high  over  your  back 
as  possible. 

FOURTH  EXERCISE.  (A)  Raise  arms,  as  before, 
to   horizontal.      Move   the   right    foot   sideways 


Fig.  IV  A.  Fig.  IV  B. 

12  inches  from  the  left.  Slowly  bend  the  fists  and 
lower  arms  downward  from  the  elbows.  Then 
curl  the  fists  upwrard  into  the  armpits,  bending  the 
head  backward  meanwhile  until  you  look  upward 
at  the  ceiling.  Take  a  deep  breath  as  you  bend 
the  head  back.  Let  the  air  begin  to  come  out 
slowly,  as  you  return  to  the  original  position,  head 
erect,  fists  still  in  the  armpits.  See  Fig.  IV  A. 
(B)  Then  without  resting,  still  letting  the  breath 


192  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

come  out,  extend  the  arms  straight  forward  from 
the  shoulders,  palms  down.  Let  the  arms  begin 
to  fall  and  the  body  to  bend  forward  from  the 
waist,  head  up,  eyes  to  the  front,  until  the  body 
has  bent  as  far  as  possible,  and  the  arms  have 
passed  the  sides  and  been  forced  back  arid  up  as 
far  as  they  will  go.  Another  deep  breath  should 
be  taken  slowly  as  you  curl  your  arms  again,  and 
exhaled  as  they  come  down  once  more. 

Do  the  whole  exercise  (A  and  B)  four  times. 
See  Fig.  IV  B. 

SWIMMING  THE  CRAWL 

The  fifth  exercise  we  will  call  "Swimming  the 
Crawl,"  that  is,  swimming  the  crawl  stroke,  for, 
as  one  arm  and  hand  go  up  in  the  air, 
the   other   arm  and  hand  slide  down 
the  side  of  the  body. 

FIFTH  EXERCISE.  Raise  arms  side- 
ways to  horizontal.  Turn  the  left 
palm  upward;  then  raise  the  left  arm 
and  lower  the  right,  until  the  right  is 
down  close  to  the  side,  and  the  left  is 
straight  up  overhead.  Slowly  bend 

the  bodv  sideways  to  the  right  from 
Fig  V 

the  waist,  the  right  arm  slipping  down 


EXERCISES  193 

the  right  leg  to  or  below  the  knee,  and  the  left  arm 
bending  in  half  a  circle  downward  over  the  head, 
until  the  fingers  touch  the  right  ear.  Return  to 
original  position,  with  arms  horizontal,  and  go 
down  the  other  way,  the  left  arm  slipping  along  the 
left  leg,  the  right  arm  bending  downward  in  half  a 
circle  over  the  left  ear.  Do  this  four  times.  See 
Fig.  V. 

PLAYING  THE  FROG 

The  sixth  exercise  is  called  "Playing  the  Frog." 
Here,  extending  the  arms  sideways  straight  out 
from  the  shoulders,  keeping  the  back  straight  and 
standing  on  the  toes,  you  go  down,  gathering  the 
legs  under  you  just  as  the  frog  does  when  he  is 
preparing  to  leap.  You  should  be  careful  to  keep 
on  the  toes  and  to  keep  the  body  well  balanced. 

SIXTH  EXERCISE.  Move  the  right  foot  sideways 
until  the  heels  are  about  12  inches  apart.  Raise 
arms  to  horizontal.  Rise  on  the  ball  of  the  foot. 
Bend  the  knees  and,  with  the  weight  on  the  toes, 
lower  the  body  almost  to  the  heels,  keeping  the 
trunk  as  nearly  erect  as  possible.  Return  to 
original  position,  knees  straight,  and  let  the  heels 
go  down  to  the  floor.  Do  this  four  times.  See 
Fig.  VI. 


194 


THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 


SWAYING  IN  THE  GALE 

We  will  call  the  seventh  exercise  "Swaying  in 
the  Gale,"  for  when  your  arms  are  extended 
straight  up  against  the  ears,  and  your  hands  are 
clasped,  the  body  is  like  the  mast  of  a  ship.  You 
sway  your  body  around  in  a  circle,  as  the  mast  of  a 
ship  sways  in  a  gale. 


c : 


Fig.  VI.  Fig.  VH. 

SEVENTH  EXERCISE.  Raise  arms  to  horizontal. 
Stretch  the  arms  straight  above  the  head,  interlock 
the  fingers,  arms  touching  ears.  Then,  the  arms 
being  still  straight  up,  describe  a  complete  circle 
about  24  inches  in  diameter  with  the  interlocked 
hands,  the  body  bending  only  at  the  waist.  Do 
this  three  times, 


EXERCISES  195 

Then  repeat  the  movement  three  times,  in  the 
opposite  direction. 

Go  through  the  entire  movement  slowly  and 
steadily,  bending  the  body  chiefly  from  the  hips. 
See  Fig.  VII. 

SOWING  THE  WHEAT 

The  eighth  exercise  we  will  call  "Sowing  the 
Wheat."  Keeping  the  arms  extended  and  turning 
at  the  hips,  you  first  place  one  hand  on  the  ground, 
bending  the  knee  on  the  side  towards  which  you 
go  down,  and  keeping  the  other  knee  straight. 
Then,  having  touched  the  ground  with  one  hand, 
you  swing  up  and,  turning  the  body, 
place  the  other  hand  on  the  ground  in 
the  same  way,  bending  the  other 
knee. 

EIGHTH  EXERCISE  (A)  Move  the 
right  foot  until  the  heels  are  about 
12  inches  apart.  Raise  arms  to  hori- 
zontal and  turn  the  body  to  the  left 
from  the  hips,  the  arms  remaining 
horizontal  until  the  face  is  to  the 
left,  the  right  arm  pointing  straight  forward,  and 
the  left  arm  straight  backward.  See  Fig.  VIII  A. 

(B)  While  in  this  position,  bend  the  body  from 


196  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

the  waist,  so  that  the  right  arm  goes  down  until 
the  right  fingers  touch  the  floor  midway  between 
the  feet,  and  the  left  arm  goes  up.  The  right  knee 
must  be  slightly  bent  to  accomplish  this.  See 
Fig.  VIII  B.  Return  to  the  original 
position,  body  erect,  arms  horizontal. 

Reverse  the  movement,  turning  the 
body  to  the  right  this  time  until  the 
left  hand  points  straight  forward. 
Then  bend  downward  until  the  fingers 
of  the  left  hand  touch  the  floor.  Re- 
turn to  the  original  position. 
Fig.  VIII  B.  After  you  have  mastered  the  exer- 
cise, you  can  go  through  it  (A  and  B)  in  one  con- 
tinuous motion. 

Repeat  the  whole  exercise  (A  and  B),  first  to  the 
right,  then  to  the  left,  four  times. 

LEARNING  TO  FLY 

The  ninth  exercise  is  called  "Learning  to  Fly." 
In  this  exercise  you  lift  the  arms  straight  up  over 
the  head,  taking  in  a  good  breath  at  the  same  time. 
Then  you  begin  to  lean  forward  at  the  waist,  letting 
the  arms  come  down  past  the  hips.  At  the  same 
time  you  let  out  the  breath  from  the  lungs  and 
carry  the  arms  back  above  the  shoulders  as  you 


EXERCISES  197 

did  in  the  exercise  of  "Drinking  the  Air."  By  this 
time,  the  breath  is  out  of  the  lungs,  and  as  you 
bring  the  hands  down  past  the  hips  and  out  in 
front  of  you,  you  begin  to  inhale.  Then  you 
spread  the  hands  and  arms  apart,  out  to  the  hori- 
zontal, taking  in  a  little  more  breath.  By  the  time 
you  finally  lift  the  hands  directly  above  the  head, 
as  in  the  first  motion,  you  have  a  full  breath  of  air 
in  the  lungs. 

NINTH  EXERCISE.  Raise  arms  to  horizontal, 
taking  in  a  slow  breath;  then  upward  until  they  are 
straight  overhead.  Let  them  fall  forward 
and  downward,  while  the  body  bends  for- 
ward from  the  waist,  until  the  arms  have 
passed  the  sides,  and  been  forced  upward 
and  backward  as  far  as  possible,  just  as  in 
Exercise  5,  Fig.  V.  Remember,  as  you  bend 
forward,  to  keep  the  head  up,  and  the  eyes 
to  the  front  and  let  the  breath  come  out. 

Straighten  the  body  upright  again  with 
the  arms  overhead,  drawing  in  the  breath. 
Lower  the  arms  to  the  horizontal  posi-  Fig.  IX. 
tion,  with  the  palms  turned  downward,  and  the 
arms  and  shoulders  forced  back  hard.  Then 
bring  the  arms  out  to  horizontal,  and  begin  the 
movement  again  by  raising  them  as  before. 


198  THE  LAND  OF  HEALTH 

Repeat  this  entire  movement  slowly  four  times, 
forcing  the  air  out  of  the  lungs  as  the  body  bends 
forward,  and  filling  the  lungs  again  as  the  body 
straightens.  See  Fig.  IX. 


TABLE  OF  FOOD  VALUES 


We  measure  the  energy-producing  value  of  foods  in 
calories,  just  as  flour  is  measured  in  pounds.  A  child  of  nine 
or  ten  needs  about  1700  calories  a  day,  and  the  average 
grown  person  needs  2500  calories  a  day. 

In  the  following  table,  the  second  column  shows  the  size  of 
a  portion  of  food  containing  100  calories.  The  other  columns 
show  the  relative  amount  of  protein,  fat,  and  carbohydrates 
(starch,  sugar,  etc.)  in  each  food. 


Pk 

R  CENT 

Of 

NAME  OF  FOOD 

PORTION  CONTAINING 
100  CALORIES 

PRO- 
TEIN 

FAT 

CAK- 

BOHT- 
DRATB 

Baked  beans  canned  . 

Small  side  dish 

21 

18 

61 

String  beans  cooked 

Five  servings 

15 

48 

37 

Sweet  corn  cooked 

One  side  dish 

13 

10 

77 

Green  peas,  cooked  . 

One  serving     

23 

27 

50 

Potatoes   boiled.    .  . 

One  large-sized. 

11 

1 

88 

Aooles 

Two  apples. 

3 

7 

90 

Bananas 

One  large 

5 

5 

90 

Lamb  chops  .  .            

One  small  chop  

24 

76 

0 

Chocolate  layer  cake.  .... 
Caramel  custard.. 

Hah*  ordinary  square  piece. 
One  cup                  

7 
19 

22 
10 

71 
71 

White  bread 

Ordinary  thick  slice 

13 

6 

81 

Graham  crackers  

Two  crackers  

9 

20 

71 

Oatmeal  

One  and  a  half  servings  .  .  . 

18 

7 

75 

Boiled  rice  

Ordinary  cereal  dish  

10 

1 

89 

Butter  4   .    ... 

Ordinary  portion  

1 

99 

0 

Milk. 

Small  glass 

19 

52 

29 

Eggs. 

One  large  egg.  . 

32 

68 

0 

(l  Based  on  tables  in  Fisher  and  Fisk's  How  to  Live;  used  by  permission 
of  the  authors.) 

199 


MEASURING  YOUR  WEIGHT 

The  Child  Health  Organization  of  America  is  trying 
to  help  the  children  of  this  country  to  grow  strong  and 
well  by  keeping  watch  of  their  weight  and  comparing 
it  all  the  time  with  the  growth  that  the  really  healthy 
child  should  make.  The  two  tables  (pp.  201,  202) 1  show 
just  what  the  weight  should  be  for  a  boy  or  girl  of  a 
particular  height.  Get  your  mother  or  your  teacher  to 
help  you  measure  your  height  and  weight.  Then  find 
your  height  in  the  left-hand  column  of  the  table  and 
read  across  the  table  to  the  column  with  your  age  at 
the  head  of  it.  The  figure  you  find  there  is  the  number 
of  pounds  you  ought  to  weigh. 

The  United  States  Bureau  of  Education  in  Washing- 
ton is  very  much  interested  in  this  campaign  for  the 
regular  weighing  of  the  children.  It  is  trying  to  get 
"a  scale  in  every  school"  and  to  have  each  child  weighed 
once  a  month.  A  record  should  be  kept  in  the  class- 
room (on  forms  which  can  be  obtained  from  the  De- 
partment of  Documents,  Washington,  D.  C.)  of  the 
weight  of  each  child  for  each  month;  and  monthly  re- 
port cards  should  be  sent  home  for  the  parents  to  keep. 
In  this  way,  growth  is  made  a  sort  of  friendly  competi- 
tion in  which  all  the  children  of  America  can  take  part. 
"The  children  play  the  game;  the  teachers  umpire;  the 
parents  keep  score. " 

1  Prepared  by  Dr.  Thomas  D,  Wood,  and  copyright,  1918,  by  Child 
Health  Organization. 

300 


HEIGHT  AND  WEIGHT  TABLE  FOR  GIRLS 

Height  5  6  7  8  9  10  ii  12  13  14  15  16  17  18 
Inches  Yr.  Yr.Yr.Yr.  Yr.Yr.Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr. 


39 

34  35  36 

40 

36  37  38 

4^ 

38  39  40 

42 

40  41  42 

43 

43 

42  42  43 

44 

44 

44  45  45 

46 

45 

46  47  47 

48  49 

46 

48  48  49 

5°  51 

47 

49  5° 

5i  S2 

53 

48 

5i  S2 

53  54 

55 

56 

49 

53  54 

55  56 

57 

58 

5° 

56 

57  58 

59 

60 

61 

Si 

59 

60  61 

62 

63 

64 

52 

62 

63  64 

65 

66 

67 

53 

66  67 

68 

68 

69 

70 

54 

68  69 

70 

71 

72 

73 

55 

72 

73 

74 

75 

76 

77 

56 

76 

77 

78 

79 

80 

81 

51 

81 

82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

58 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

90 

91 

59 

89 

90 

91 

93 

94 

95 

96 

98 

6o 

94 

95 

97 

99 

IOO 

102 

104 

106 

61 

99 

101 

102 

104 

106 

108 

I09 

in 

62 

104 

106 

107 

109 

in 

"3 

114 

H5 

63 

109 

in 

112 

"3 

115 

117 

118 

119 

64 

"5 

117 

118 

119 

120 

121 

122 

65 

117 

119 

120 

122 

123 

124 

125 

66 

119 

121 

122 

124 

126 

127 

128 

67 

124 

126 

127 

128 

129 

130 

68 

126 

128 

I30 

132 

133 

134 

69 

129 

131 

133 

135 

136 

137 

70 

134 

136 

138 

139 

140 

71 

138 

140 

142 

143 

I4O 

72 

145 

147 

148 

149 

About  What  a  GIRL 

Should 

Gain  Each  Month 

Age 

:  q  to    8 

6  oz. 

14. 

to  16         

8  oz. 

•»e 

8  to  ii 

8  oz. 

A*T 

16 

to  18 

A  OZ- 

II  tO  14.  . 

.  .  12  OZ. 

HEIGHT  AND  WEIGHT  TABLE  FOR  BOYS 


Height  5  6  7  8  9  10  ii  12  13 
Inches  Yr.Yr.  Yr.Yr.Yr.Yr.  Yr.  Yr.  Yr. 

14 

Yr. 

£ 

16 
Yr. 

17 
Yr. 

18 
Yr. 

39    35  36 
40    37  38 
41    39  40 
42    41  42 
43    43  44 
44    45  46 
45    47  47 
46    48  49 
47      5i 
48      53 
49      55 
50 
5i 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 

59 
60 
61 

37 
39 
41 

43  44 
45  46 
46  47 
48  48  49 
5°  50  5i 
52  52  53  54 
54  55  55  56  57 
56  57  58  58  59 
58  59  60  60  61  62 
60  6  1  62  63  64  65 
62  63  64  65  67  68 
66  67  68  69  70  71 
69  70  71  72  73  74 

77  74  75  76  77 
77  78  79  80  81 
81  82  83  84 
84  85  85  87 
87  88  89  90 
91  92  93  94 
95  97  99 

78 
82 

85 
88 
92 
97 

102 

86 
90 
94 
99 

104 

91 
96 

101 

106 

97 

IO2 

108 

no 

62 

100  102  104 

106 

109 

in 

"3 

116 

63 

VK>5  107  109 

in 

114 

"5 

117 

119 

64 

"3  H5 

117 

118 

119 

120 

122 

65 

120 

122 

123 

124 

I25 

126 

66 

I25 

126 

127 

128 

I29 

130 

67 

130 

130 

132 

133 

134 

135 

68 

134 

135 

136 

137 

138 

139 

69 

138 

139 

140 

141 

142 

143 

70 

142 

144 

145 

146 

147 

7i 

147 

149 

150 

151 

152 

72 

152 

154 

155 

156 

157 

About  What  a  BOY  Should  Gain  Each  Month 

Age:  5  to    8 6  oz.         12  to  16 16  oz. 

8  to  12 ..8oz.        16  to  18. .  .  8  oz. 


INDEX 


Acid  in  the  mouth,  72. 
Air,  dust  in,  37,  38. 

effect  of  breathing  stale  air, 
37. 

fresh,  34-42. 

law  of,  34,  42,  180. 

need  of,  35. 

passages  for,  35,  36,  38. 

story  of  Fresh  Air,  38-41. 
Alcohol,  94,  95. 

Bathing,  69;  after  eating,  103. 
Baucis  and  Philemon,  story  of, 

103-105. 

Bedclothes  and  pillow,  127. 
Bedroom,    desirable   conditions 
in,  127. 

ventilation  in,  125. 
Blood,    as    transportation    sys- 
tem, 102,  103. 

blood  vessels  of  hand,  102. 

composition  of,  54. 

effect  of  tight  clothing,  119, 
120. 

fight  against  germs,  69. 

functions  of,  35,  36,  91,  103. 

needed  by  muscles,  103. 

taking  away  waste,  36,  37,  67. 
Board  of  Health,  172,  173. 
Bones,  44,  46,  80. 
Bonfires,  danger  from,  155. 
Bowels  and  digestion,  92. 


Brain,  125,  126. 

Breakfast  menus,  84,  85. 

Breathing,     35-37;    and     tight 

clothing,  119,  120. 
through  nose,  38. 

Building   laws   regarding   tene- 
ments, 110. 

Caduceus,  Mercury's  staff,  132. 

Calories  in  food,  199. 

Candy,  bad  effects  from,  98,  99. 

pure  and  impure,  97. 
Carefulness,    152-161;    law  of, 

160,  184. 

Carrots,  composition  of,  82,  83. 
Cars,  how  to  get  off  trolley,  157. 
Cigarettes,  150,  151. 
Circulation.    (See  Blood.) 
Citizen,    explanation     of,     25, 

26. 
Citizenship  papers,  26,  31,  152, 

186. 
Cleanliness,   62-75,   80,   85;   in 

dairies,  139,  162,  163. 
in  stores,  139,    147,   16S-165. 
in  streets  and  yards,  139,  172. 
law  of,  74,  181. 

Clothing,  112-122;  care  of,  120. 
harm  resulting  from  wet,  87. 
importance  of  changing,  118, 

119,  120. 
in   temperate   climates,    118. 


203 


204 


INDEX 


Clothing    in    warm    and    cold 

climates,  114-116. 
need  of  loose,  119,  120. 
putting  out  fire  of,  155. 
Coffee,  94,  95,  126,  129. 
Colds,  cause  of,  134. 

germs  of,  67,  118,  134-138. 
Contagious  diseases,   134,   139, 

140. 

isolation  of,  140. 
Cough,   134,   135,   140;  whoop- 
ing, 134. 
Cup,  drinking,  germs  on,  137, 

138,  147. 
how  to  make,  167. 

Dairies,  clean,  139,  162,  163. 
Dandelion  race,  49-51. 
Dare,  taking  a,  160. 
Deafness,  cause  of,  67. 
Dentist,  73. 

Digestion,  87-105;  and  rest,  99, 
100,  103. 

and  right  kinds  of  food,  100, 

101. 

Dinner  menus,  84,  85. 
Diphtheria,  139. 
Disease.     (See  Germs.} 
Douglas,  story  of,  138. 
Dreams,   125;  story  of  dreams 

and  flowers,  127,  128. 
Dust,  in  air,  37,  38. 

in  clothing,  120. 

in  houses,  110. 

on  food,  64,  65. 

Earache,  cause  of,  67. 
Ears,  care  of,  67. 


Eating  between  meals,  99.    (See 

Foods.) 

Eggs,  composition  of,  83. 
Electricity,    danger    from    live 

wires,  156. 
Enamel  of  teeth,  72. 
Enchanted  castle,  story  of,  89- 

93. 

Energy  foods,  83,  84. 
Eskimos,  life  of,  116. 
Exercise,  43-52;  after  eating, 

103. 

and  perspiration,  68. 
law  of,  43,  52,  180. 
outdoor,  51. 
reasons  for,  51. 
setting-up,  187-198. 
Eyes,  care  of,  66. 

Fats,  in  milk,  81. 

in  oatmeal,  82,  83. 

use  as  food,  79. 
Fingers,  germs  on,  138. 
Fire,  57 ;  and  oxygen,  35. 

and  water,  57,  60. 

dangers  from,  155. 

man's  friend,  153,  155. 

smothering  of,  155. 

story  about,  153-155. 
Flies,  and  dirt,  148,  150. 

and  germs,  140,  142. 

travels  of,  145,  147. 

war  against,  148. 
Food,  76-85;  and  flies,  147,  148. 

and  germs,  64,  65,  138,  139. 

classes  of,  83,  84. 

cleanliness    in    handling,    80. 

cooking,  65. 


INDEX 


205 


Food,  for  growth  and  energy, 
83,  84. 

for  heating  body,  79. 

indigestible,  92,  93,  100,  101. 

law  of,  105,  182. 

substances  in,  79-83. 

table  of  food  values,  199. 

uses  of,  78,  91. 
Fresh  air.     (See  Air.) 
Fried  foods,  100,  101. 
Frigid  zone,  115-117. 

Games  for  exercise  of  muscles, 

48,  49. 

Garbage  cans,  148. 
Gasoline  and  fire,  155. 
Germs,  131-151;  and  Board  of 

Health,  173. 
and  teeth,  72,  73. 
destruction  of,  64,  69,  70,  139, 

143. 
discovered   by   Pasteur,    137, 

139. 
effect  of  sunlight  on,  110,  111, 

145. 

In  dust  and  dirt,  110. 
in  food  and  water,  59,  60,  64, 

65,  138,  139. 
Greece,  people  of,  48-49. 
Greenland,  life  in,  115,  116. 
Grocery    store,    cleanliness    in, 

139,  147,  163,  164. 
Growth,  foods  for,  83,  84. 
Grumpy  Jack,  story  of,  168-172. 

Hair,  68;  care  of,  69,  74. 
Hands,  washing,  63,  64,  69,  80, 
139. 


Hands,  blood  vessels  in,  102. 
Health,  Board  of,  172, 173. 
Health,  laws  of;  avoiding  stim- 
ulants, 96,  182. 

brushing  the  teeth,  72, 74, 181. 

carefulness,  160,  184. 

cleanliness,  74,  181. 

clearing  out  wastes,  96,  182. 

clothing,  121,  184. 

exercise,  43,  52,  180. 

food,  105,  182. 

fresh  air,  34,  42,  180. 

germs,  111,  140,  183. 

posture,  43,  52,  180. 

sleep,  129,  183. 

water,  53,  60,  180. 
Heart,  36;  work  of,  91. 
Height  in  relation  to  weight,  31, 
166,  168,  176,  178,  200-202. 

Intestines,  91,  92. 

Kerosene,  and  fire,  155. 

and  stagnant  water,  144. 
Kidneys,  56. 
Kitchen,  cleanliness  of,  78. 

Light,  for  reading,  66. 

in  bedroom,  127. 
Lime,  in  milk,  81. 

use  of,  in  body,  79,  80. 
Lungs,  35,  36,  37,  38,  55,  67. 

Malaria,  144. 

Matches,  danger  from,  155. 

Meals,  exercise  after,  103. 

sample,  84,  85. 

supper  and  sleep,   126,   129. 


206 


INDEX 


Measles,  134,  139,  173. 
Menus,  sample,  84,  85. 
Mice,  story  of  two  foolish,  158, 

160. 

Microbes.  (See  Germs.) 
Midas,  story  of,  10-15. 
Milk,  cleanliness  of,  139,  162, 

163. 

composition   of,    80,   81,   82. 
value  as  food,  81,  82,  84. 
Miraculous  pitcher,  story  of  the, 

105. 
Mosquitoes,    and    germs,    140, 

142-151. 
bearers  of  malaria  and  yellow 

fever,  144. 
breeding  and  destruction  of, 

144. 
Mouth  as  gateway  to  body,  65, 

66,  70. 
Muscles,  44-52;  need  of  blood, 

103. 

Nails,  care  of,  69. 
Naturalization,  26;  law  in  the 

Land  of  Health,  31. 
Nerves,  as  messengers  for  the 

body,  125. 
need  of  rest,  125. 
Night  lights  and  sleep,  127. 
Nose,  65,  66;  passages  for  air, 

38. 

Oatmeal,  composition  of,  82. 

value  as  food,  82. 
Olympic  games,  48,  49. 
Oxygen,  body's  need  of,  35-37, 
51. 

fire  and,  35. 


Pain  as  warning,  93,  94,  95,  100. 
Pandora,  story  of,  136. 
Paper  cups,  how  to  make,  167. 
Pasteur,    discoverer    of    germs, 

137,  139. 
Perspiration,  55,  67-69;  and  the 

skin,  55,  120. 
on  cold  and  hot  days,  68. 
Phaeton,  story  of,  153-155. 
Philemon  and  Baucis,  story  of, 

103-105. 

Physical  exercises,  187-198. 
Plants,  need  of  sunlight,  109. 
Poisons     in     body,     protection 

against,  92-95. 
Posture,  43-52;  in  schoolroom, 

166. 

Protein,  in  food,  79,  82,  83. 
in  milk,  81. 

Rainy  weather,  clothing  for,  118, 

119. 

Reading,  light  for,  66. 
Rest,  after  eating,  103. 

and  sleep,  125. 

Rowboat,  carefulness  in,  155. 
Rubber  clothing,  importance  of 
changing,  118,  119. 

Safety  First,  152-161. 
Saliva,  90. 

Salts  in  foods,  79,  80,  81,  82,  83. 
Scales  for  weighing,  166. 
Scarlet  fever,  134,  139,  173. 
Schoolhouse     and     schoolroom, 

165,  166. 
Screens  in  windows  and  doors, 

148. 


INDEX 


207 


Seasoning  in  food,  79,  80,  81,  82, 

83. 

Setting-up  exercises,  187-198. 
Shoes,  118. 

Sickness.    (See  Germs.) 
Skeleton,  44,  80. 
Skin,    and    clothing,    118,    119, 
120. 

and  perspiration,  55,  120. 

cleanliness  of,  68,  69. 

injury  to,  69. 

protection  for  the  body,  65. 
Sleep,  123-130;  amount  needed 
by  children,  125. 

getting  ready  for,   126,   127. 

law  of,  129,  183. 

sleeping  porch,  112. 
Smell,  sense  of,  66. 
Sneezes,   contagion  from,    134, 

135,  140. 

South  America,  life  in,  114. 
Springs,  source  of,  58. 
Stale  air,  37;  story  of,  38-41. 
Starch  in  food,  79,  82,  83. 
Stimulants,  effect  on  body,  94. 

harmful  for  children,  94,  96. 

kinds  of,  94,  95. 

law  of,  96,  182. 

Stomach,  digestion  in,  91,  100. 
Stores,  cleanliness  in,  139,  147, 

163,  164. 
Streets,  danger  in  city,  157. 

keeping    streets    clean,    139, 

172. 
Sugar,  in  food,  79,  82,  83. 

in  milk,  81. 

Sunlight,    107-111;    effect    on 
germs,  110,  111,  145. 


Sunlight,  essential  to  plants  and 

animals,  108-110. 
Supper,    and    sleep,    126,    129. 

menus,  84,  85,  126. 
Sweat    glands,    68.     (See   Per- 
spiration.) 

Sweets,  beneficial,  99. 
harmful,  98. 

Taste,  sense  of,  66. 

training  taste  for  foods,  101, 

102. 
Tea,  94,  95;  effect  on  sleep,  126, 

129. 

Teeth,  brushing,  72,  74,  181. 
care  of,  72,  73. 
kinds  of,  71. 
work  of,  66,  70,  71,  90. 
Temperate  zone,  117,  118. 
Tenement  houses,  building  laws, 

110. 

Throat,  38. 

Tobacco,  bad  effects  of,  150. 
Toothache,  cause  of,  72. 
Torch  race,  48,  49. 
Torrid  zone,  115,  117. 
Touch,  sense  of,  66. 
Trolley  car,  how  to  get  off,  157. 
Trunk  of  the  body,  46. 

Ventilation,    34,    35,   37,    125, 

166. 
Village     improvement    society, 

170. 

Washing,  foods,  64,  65,  165. 
hands,  63,  64,  69,  80,  139. 
reasons  for,  64,  65. 


208 


INDEX 


Wastes  of  the  body,  and  per- 
spiration, 67-69. 

bad  results  from,  92. 

from  breathing,  36,  37. 

getting  rid  of,  92,  96. 
Water,  53-61;  boiling,  60. 

carefulness  on,  155. 

for  drinking,  59,  60. 

germs  in,  59. 

in  air,  56. 

in  food,  56. 

in  the  body,  54,  55,  56,  67,  68. 

law  of,  53,  60,  180. 

story  of,  56-60. 

supply  for  cities,  58,  59. 


Weather  and  clothing,  112-122. 
Weight   in   relation   to   health, 

31,  166,  168,  176,  178,  200- 

202. 

Wells,  source  of,  58. 
Wet    clothes,    harm    resulting 

from,  87. 

Whooping  cough,  134. 
Windows   and   ventilation,   35, 

37,  123,  124,  166. 
Windpipe,  35,  36. 
Wires,  electric,  156. 

Yards,  cleaning,  139,  140,  172. 
Yellow  fever,  144. 


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